THE world's history is a divine poem, of which the history of every nation is a canto and every man a word. Its strains have been pealing along down the centuries, and, though there have been mingled the discords of warring cannon and dying men, yet to the Christian philosopher and historian—the humble listener—there has been a divine melody running through the song which speaks of hope and halcyon days to come.- James A. GARFIELD.

SANDUSKY COUNTY COURTHOUSE

September 28, 2007
SANDUSKY COUNTY JAIL - 1927

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PREFACE

THE publishers place this volume before the public believing that they have fulfilled every promise made at the beginning of the enterprise and every reasonable expectation. That there are faults of omission they are aware, but this has arisen from inability to obtain the required information. That a volume of upwards of eight hundred quarto pages, containing ten thousand names, should be free from error, no one will expect.

A large part of the writing has been done by a citizen of the county—Homer Everett, Esq.,—whose personal knowledge of leading events reaches back almost to the first white settlement. This important service could have been entrusted to no better hands. The first five chapters and those relating to the Moral and Material Development of the county, and Civil History, have been prepared by a writer in the employ ofthe publishers. With these exceptions all of the general history is from the pen of Mr. Everett. The same gentleman also prepared the church history of Fremont and several biographical sketches. One biography and the commercial history of Fremont are the contributions of Wilbur G. Zeigler.

It is impossible to make special acknowledgments to all to whom we are indebted for assistance. The people of the county have received the writers and col lectors of information with uniform courtesy, and given them every facility for the prosecution of their work.

Instead of being bound in cloth with leather backs, as were the samples shown to subscribers, the volume is bound in full leather, while the form of the book renders it much more convenient for use, and better adapted to the shelves of a library.

CONTENTS.

HISTORICAL,

GENERAL HISTORY.

CHAPTER..........................................................................PAGE.

.........I.—Aboriginal Occupation..............................................9

........II.—Ownership of the Northwest...................................19

.......III.—Advent of the White Man.......................................24

.......IV.--Lower Sandusky before Fort Stephenson.................37

........V.—Early Ohio...............................................................53

......VI.—Pre-historic Races....................................................66

.....VII. --The Indians..............................................................72

....VIII.—County Organization...............................................94

....VIII (a). —Fort Stephenson.................................................98

.......IX.--Civil History............................................................121

.........X.—Development, Material, Moral, Social..................125

........XI. —Improvements.......................................................139

.......XII.—The Ohio Railroad.................................................154

......XIII.—Plank Road1...........................................................159

......XIV.—Railroad.................................................................164

.......XV.—The Fremont and Indiana Railroad........................172

......XVI.—County Roads.........................................................177

.....XVII.--County Buildings and Institutions............................181

....XVIII.--Topography and Geology.........................................194

.......XIX.—Iron Bridges and Drainage......................................200

........XX.—Sandusky County Agricultural Society....................208

.......XXI.—The Press..................................................................228

......XXII.—Military History........................................................241

.....XXIII—Court and Bar of Sandusky County...........................368

.....XXIV.—Fremont.....................................................................397

.......XXV.—Fremont Continued...................................................413

......XXVI.—Fremont Business Progress.......................................419

.....XXVII. --Fremont Medical.......................................................440

....XXVIII.—Fremont Improvements.............................................463

.......XXIX.— Fremont Public Schools...........................................473

.........XXX.—Religious History......................................................485

........XXXI.—Social Societies.........................................................507

........Fremont City Biographical Sketches............................................513

TOWNSHIPS.

Sandusky.......................................559

Rice...............................................568

Ballville.........................................578

Green Creek...................................604

York...............................................653

Townsend.......................................703

Riley...............................................726

Jackson............................................741

Washington.....................................761

Woodville.......................................780

Madison..........................................793

Scott................................................807

Appendix.........................................883

ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE.

Map of Sandusky county.....................facing.........9

Fort Stephenson...................................facing.....101

Portrait of Colonel Croghan.................facing....105

McPherson Monument.........................facing.... 241

Portrait of General C. G. Eaton............facing.....348

Portraits of:

.....Major General James B. McPherson.facing...359

.....Dr. L. Q. Rawson..............................facing....446

.....Mrs. Dr. L. Q. Rawson......................facing....449

.....Rutherford B. Hayes..........................facing....513

.....Mrs. Lucy W. Hayes..........................facing....521

.....General R. P. Buckland.....................facing....522

.....Mrs. R. P. Buckland..........................facing....524

......Sardis Birchard.................................facing....528

......Homer Everett...................................facing....544

......J. S. Van Ness, with biography..........facing....553

.....Mrs. H. Seager....................................facing....584

......Rev. M. Long.....................................facing....601

......Mrs. Cynthia McPherson...................facing....633

......Alfred Hutchinson..............................facing....639

......Hon. O. McIntyre................................facing....640

......James Cleveland..................................facing....641

......Rev. N. Young.....................................facing....643

......S. Baker................................................facing....646

......S. W. Chapin........................................facing.....647

......J. L. Brown...........................................facing.....649

.....Mr. and Mrs. Charles Clapp..................facing.....650

.....Nathan Birdseye between.......................684 and 685

6 CONTENTS.

......Mrs. Nathan Birdseye..............between 684 and 685

......T. G. Amsden.........................................facing.....686

.......Frederick Smith and wife......................facing.....688

......Mr. and Mrs. John McCauley.................facing.....690

......Mr. and Mrs. John Rife...........................facing.....691

......Mr. and Mrs. James Chapman.................facing.....692

......Mr. and Mrs. Seneca D. Hitt....................facing.....693

......Mr. and Mrs. John S. Gardner..................facing.....694

.......Jeremiah Smith...........................between 694 and 695

.......Mrs. DeLora Smith.....................between 694 and 695

.......Mrs. Amanda Birdseye................between 696 and 697

.......Joseph Birdseye...........................between 696 and 697

.......H. R. Adams..............................................facing....697

.......Amy R. Adams...........................................facing....699

.......Gurdon Woodward.....................................facing....701

.......Mrs. Mary Woodward.................................facing....702

........C. G. Sanford...............................between 714 and 715

........Lydia Sanford...............................between 714 and 715

........William Fuller.............................................facing....717

........J. L. Levisee.................................................facing....719

.......Mr. and Mrs. F. Richards..............................facing....722

.......Alonzo Thorp.................................................facing....724

.......C. Schultz.......................................................facing....737

.......J. Zeigler.........................................................facing....739

.......Casper Hirt and wife.......................................facing....740

.......Mr. and Mrs. Charles Rozell...........................facing....759

.......Samuel Skinner................................................facing....776

BIOGRAPHICAL,

PAGE.

Aunesly, William.........................391

Ainger, William W......................391

Amsden, Thomas G.................... 686

Adams, H. R.................................697

Adams, Amy R.............................699

Buckland, Chester Averill............350

Buckland, Ralph P.................380-522

Baldwin, Marcus D.......................387

Buckland, Horace S.......................393

Bell, Charles F...............................395

Bartlett, Joseph R...........................395

Bartlett, Brice J..............................396

Brainard, Dr. Daniel.......................444

Beaugrand, Dr. Peter.......................451

Brown & Anderson, Drs..................451

Brinkerhoff, Dr. David H.................461

Baker, Dr. H. F.................................461

Bemis, Dr. J. D.................................461

Birchard, Sardis................................528

Bell, General John............................532

Bushnell, Ebenezer, D.D..................534

Bauer, Seraphine...............................536

Burgner, Jacob..................................555

Buckland, Stephen and family..........557

Brown, Dr. J. L..................................649

Birdseye, Nathan P. and Mary A.......684

Birdseye, Joseph and Amanda B.......696

Beaugrand, Captain John B...............828

Canfield, Lieutenant Colonel Herman.354

Cummings, J. W..................................384

Corey, Dr. John M...............................459

Caldwell, Dr. W...................................462

Caldwell, William................................537

Creager, Frank......................................539

Cleveland, James..................................641

Chapin Family......................................647

Clapp, Charles and family....................650

Chapman, James...................................692

Carver, Amos R....................................829

Curtis, T. V...........................................830

Drake, Benjamin F................................378

Dickinson, Rodolphus,..........................379

Dewey, Thomas P..................................388

Dudrow, Byron R...................................388

Dickinson, Edward F..............................392

Deal, David.............................................558

Eaton, General Charles Grant.................348

Eddy, Nathaniel B...................................384

Ecki, Dr. S. P...........................................462

Everett, Jeremiah and family...................540

Everett, Homer.........................................544

Finefrock, Henry R...................................385

Fronizer, F. R............................................387

Finefrock, Thomas P.................................389

Fowler, James H........................................390

Failing, Dr. J. W........................................459

Fabing, John...............................................538

Fuller, William...........................................717

Graves, Increase.........................................379

Greene, John L., Sr.....................................382

Garver, John T............................................390

Glick, George W. and C. S..........................391

Garver, Samuel C........................................395

Greene, John L., Jr......................................396

Gessner, Dr. Louis......................................452

Gessner, Dr. L. S. J.....................................458

Groat, John W.............................................461

Gallagher, David.........................................547

Giebel, Francis J. W....................................548

Gardner, John S. and Ann...........................604

CONTENTS. - 7

Griswold, Stephen.........................................830

Goodin, Dr.....................................................443

Harmon, Harvey J..........................................378

Heffner, D. A.................................................390

Haynes, George R...........................................391

Hord, John K..................................................392

Hastings, Dr....................................................444

Holloway, Dr...................................................444

Hammer, Dr. A. J.............................................462

Hayes, Rutherford B.........................................513

Hayes, Lucy Webb............................................521

Howland, Elisha W............................................551

Hutchinson, Alfred............................................639

Hitt, Seneca. D. and Mahala E...........................693

Hirt, Casper........................................................740

Johnson, John A.................................................383

Justice, James and family...................................552

Johnson, J. C.......................................................831

Kessler and Belding............................................358

Keeler, Isaac M...................................................536

Kridler, W. B.......................................................539

Lemon, M. B........................................................386

Loveland, John B.................................................388

Lemon, John M....................................................392

Lee, Dr. George....................................................461

Long, Rev. Michael..............................................601

Levisee family......................................................719

McPherson, Major General James B....................359

Meek, Basil...........................................................389

Moore, John P.......................................................547

Millious, Jacob......................................................552

McIntyre, Hon.......................................................640

McCauley family...................................................690

McCulloch, C. R....................................................827

Norton, Faulkner I.................................................535

Newman, John.......................................................538

Nyce, Jacob............................................................825

Otis, Lucius B........................................................381

O'Farrell, P.............................................................387

Olmsted, Jesse S....................................................549

Pettibone, Hiram R................................................380

Putnam, Alpheus P................................................392

Rawson, Major Eugene Allen................................354

Rhodes, John H......................................................385

Richards, S. S.........................................................390

Remsburg, Hezekiah..............................................394

Rawson, Dr. L. Q...................................................446

Rice, Dr. Robert S..................................................450

Rice. Dr. John B.....................................................458

Rice, Dr. Robert H.................................................459

Rife family..............................................................691

Richards, Franklin...................................................722

Rozell, Charles, and family.....................................759

Rice, Alfred H..........................................................825

Snyder, Merritt L......................................................394

Stilwell, Dr. Thomas................................................454

Smith, Dr. George E.................................................460

Sharp, Isaac B...........................................................538

Smith, Frederick, and family....................................688

Smith, Jeremiah........................................................695

Sanford, Carmi G., and Lydia...................................715

Schultz, Christian......................................................737

Skinner, Samuel........................................................776

Tyler, Morris E..........................................................393

Taylor, Dr. Sardis B..................................................460

Tyler, John S.............................................................535

Taylor, Austin B........................................................535

Thorp, Alonzo...........................................................724

Wegstein, Michael.....................................................353

Watson, Cooper K......................................................383

Williams, Ernest B......................................................391

Winslow, Hiram W.....................................................392

Williams, Dr. B. F.......................................................451

Wilson, Dr. James W..................................................452

White, Dr. C. B...........................................................462

Woodward, Gurdon.....................................................701

Wood, Bourdett, and family............between 702 and 703

Young, Noah................................................................643

Zeigler, Wilbur G.........................................................386

Zeigler. John.................................................................739