274 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY

CHAPTER XXXIV.

BENCH, BAR, PUBLIC BUILDINGS.

EARLY JUDICIAL MATTERS-FIRST COUNTY OFFICERS-FIRST COURT-WILLIAM WILSON-SAMUEL BANCROFT JAMES TAYLOR-TIMOTHY ROSE-WILLIAM B. B, TAYLOR-AMOS H. CAFFEE-CORRINGTON W. SEARLE, SAMUEL L. BROWNING- COLONEL JAMES PARKER-GEORGE H. FLOOD-SAMUEL WHITE-DANIEL HUMPHREY, JOSHUA MATHIOT LUCIUS CASE-ISRAEL DILLE-S. D. KING-PRESENT MEMBERS OF THE BAR, THE COURT HOUSES-LIST OF ARTICLES DEPOSITED IN THE CORNER STONE'.-THE JAILS-THE OLD MARKET HOUSE-THE INFIRMARY-THE HOME FOR THE FRIENDLESS.

"What! lie down, and be rode upon rough-shod?

No! fare and fight, and be at least respected."

-Joaquin Miller.

FOR judicial and other purposes, the territory now forming Licking county, belonged to Washington county from 1788 to 1798; from 1798 to 1800 . it was part of Ross county, and from 1800 to 1808, a part of Fairfield; since the latter date it has had a separate existence as a county. It will be observed that the county seats have been Marietta, Chillicothe, Lancaster and Newark, respectively. For eleven years (from 1788 to 1799) the citizens of the county and State were under the first grade of territorial government; from 1799 to 1803, a period of four years, they were under the second grade of territorial government, and from 1803 to the present time, under a State government. Under the first grade of territorial government, this territory had no representation in legislature (there being no legislature,) or Congress; under the second grade there was a legislature, only one branch of which was elected by the people.; and a delegate in congress elected by this legislature, who, however, had not the right to vote on questions before that body. Since 1803, the people of this county, in common with those of other counties, have enjoyed all the rights and privileges of a free and independent people, with representatives in both branches of the legislature, and of Congress, of their own selection.

Prior to 1808, all business connected with the court, was transacted at Chillicothe and Lancaster, but in this year the county of Licking was organized with the following as its first judicial and county officers: William Wilson, president judge of common pleas court; Alexander Holmes, Timothy Rose and James Taylor, associate judges; Samuel Bancroft, clerk of court; John Stadden, sheriff: Elias Gilman, treasurer; Archibald Wilson, Elisha Wells and Israel Wells, commissioners; John Stadden, collector of taxes; Elias Gilman, commissioners' clerk; Archibald Wilson, jr., assessor of Licking township; Jeremiah Munson, assessor of Granville township.

The first court was held in the house of Levi Hays four miles west of Newark, and two miles east of Granville. There not being room in the house, the grand jury held its inquest under a tree. During the year a board of commissioners consisting of James Dunlap, Isaac Cook and James Armstrong, selected. Newark as the permanent county seat. At that date this county contained but the two townships above named.

The Newark bar and bench have been honored by many men of talent. Among the first of these was William Wilson, above mentioned as the first president judge. He was a New Englander, educated at Dartmouth college, and settled at Chillicothe as an attorney. He remained on the

HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY. - 275

bench until 1823, when he was elected to Congress and served four years, and until his death in 1827.

Alexander Holmes, another of the county's honored officers and pioneers, came here in 1812, from Brooke county, Virginia. He followed surveying several years, surveying much in the State for the general government, as well as the larger part of Licking county; he also made the first complete survey of the ancient works in the vicinity of Newark. He held the position of associate judge from 1808 until 1812, and was again elected in 1823, serving until 1828. In this capacity he was upright, intelligent, incorruptible. He was a man of considerable natural ability, and identified himself with the interests and early history of this county.

Samuel Bancroft, the first clerk, afterward became associate judge, serving from 1824 to 1845. He was born in Granville, Massachusetts, in 1778; was well educated, and spent the earlier years of his life in teaching. In 1806, he came to this county, settling in Granville township, where, in 1807, he married Miss Clarissa Rose, this being the first marriage solemnized in that township. He was in the war of 1812, as a private soldier, and was surrendered by General Hull. He was a justice of the peace eighteen years; a judge twenty-one years, and was a faithful, efficient officer. He died January 22, 1870, in his ninety-second year; his great longevity being due to. his regular and temperate habits of living, rather than his constitution or physical strength.

James Taylor was born in Pennsylvania, in 1753, and after his marriage in 1780, he moved to western Virginia. In 1782 he was in. the Williamson expedition against the Moravian Indians on the Tuscarawas, and had the honor of voting, with seventeen others, against the murder of their Indian captives, but without avail. Judge Taylor served as associate judge only from 1808 to 1809. He had served his country during the Revolutionary war, and was a man of character and intelligence. His death took place in 1844, at the advanced age of ninety-one years.

Timothy Rose was one of the original Granvill colony of 1805, a few of whom now survive He was an associate judge from 1808 to 1813, when he died. Judge Rose was a high-toned, intellectual and intelligent gentleman, and a man of high character, of sound judgment, and undoubted patriotism. He served in the Revolutionary war and distinguished himself as an officer, at the storming of a British redoubt, at the surrender of Cornwallis, at Yorktown in 1781.

Probably more prominent than any other man at the Licking county bar, was Hon. William Stanberry. He fought his battle of life in the days of "Tom" Corwin, "Tom" Ewing, and other such intellectual giants as Ohio delights to honor and remember.

He was born August 10, 1788, in Essex county, New Jersey. His most valuable inheritance was a sound and vigorous constitution, a commanding presence and a high order of talents. He had fair early educational opportunities, and improved them faithfully; he also had superior advantages as a law student in the office of judge Pendleton, of New York city, of which he availed himself.

Attendance on the courts of the city, in which the attorneys were such men as Thomas Addis Emmet, Aaron Burr, Alexander Hamilton, Daniel D. Tompkins and Martin VanBuren, and where men of the distinguished ability of DeWitt Clinton occupied judicial seats, afforded him facilities for improvement which he greatly prized and studiously heeded. Highly beneficial to him, also, were the literary clubs of that day, where his associates were James Is. Paulding, Julian C. Verplanck, Washington Irving, and other contemporary celebrities. His participation in the discussion of political questions, when quite young, tended to develope his oratorical powers, and his early efforts as a public speaker gave promise of future eminence as a popular orator. His pursuit of knowledge was most ardent and persevering, and he ultimately acquired a . large fund of information in literature, belles letters and the classics.

In 1809, Mr. Stanberry located in Newark, remaining here until his death, a period of sixty-four years. He became distinguished as a successful criminal lawyer, and was generally retained in important criminal cases in this and adjoining counties which composed his "circuit." He was in the habit, as were other lawyers, of traveling with the court, which in those early days was on wheels, as

276 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY.

it were, and went about through the woods dispensing justice. Under these circumstances he frequently appeared in Mt. Vernon, Mansfield and other frontier towns, where he found plenty of clients.

His successful argument in behalf of David Shaver, his defense of Peter Dimond, charged with murder, and his great speech in a case involving the question of conflicting jurisdiction between the National and State governments, in relation to ' the Wyandot reservation on the Sandusky plains, were among his most celebrated exhibitions of forensic power. His oratorical efforts were usually characterized by argumentation, sometimes by invective, and uniformly by declamation and flu- ency, and often by much power and eloquence.

Mr. Stanberry also practiced several years in the Federal courts, with such men as Henry Clay, James Ross, Henry Baldwin, Philip Doddridge, John C. Wright, Judge Bumet, Charles Hammond, Benjamin Tappan, Edward King, Thomas Ewing, Thomas Corwin, and others alike eminent at the bar. Mr. Stanberry was the last survivor of all these early time lawyers. All those mentioned, and others who "rode the circuit" and practiced with him in the early courts, including Mr. Merwin, Major Munson, General Beecher, Judge Sherman, General Goddard, Hocking H. Hunter, General Herrick, Wyllis Silliman, Orris Parrish, Judge Irwin, Judge Harper, Samuel W. Culbertson, and Judge Searle-all are dead.

He was elected to the senate of Ohio in 1824, and served two sessions in that body: In 1827, he was elected to Congress, to serve out the unexpired term of Judge Wilson, deceased. In 1828, he was re-elected, and again in 1830, making five years' service in that body, during which he prominently identified himself with many measures of public interest, chief of which was the law granting half a million acres of public lands to aid in the prosecution of the canal interests of the State. He died in January, 1873, aged eighty-five years.

Colonel B. B. Taylor was for a time a member of the bar of this county. He came to Newark in his youth, studied law, and was for some years a practicing lawyer in the city; but his taste for politics and literature led him into other channels, and prevented his success at the bar. He was, at different times, editor of a magazine in Columbus, published by Samuel Medary; the Kentucky Statesman, published at. Lexington, Kentucky; a paper in Missouri, another in Portland, Oregon, and probably others. His last removal was to Mexico, Missouri, where he settled for the purpose of resuming the practice of law, but before getting fairly established he died, January 27, 1877, in his sixty-eighth year.

Amos H. Caffee was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, in 1790, where he remained until he reached manhood. The west, at that time presenting a field of great promise of reward to the industrious, energetic and enterprising, he decided to make the then rising State of Ohio his future home. After spending some months in the effort to find a suitable location, he was directed by a train of favorable circumstances to Newark, where he settled in November, 1811, and where he was an honored citizen more than fifty years. Mr. Caffee, being a young man of more than ordinary intellectual endowments and correctness of deportment, soon attracted attention, and was, by common consent, assigned a prominent part in all educational and other movements, having for their objects the improvement and elevation of the people, and the advancement of the interests of the town. As a reward for his superiority he was frequently favored with positions of trust and responsibility. He long held the offices of mayor, postmaster, and clerk of the several courts of the county, always discharging with fidelity and honor the duties of his positions. He died at the age of seventy-two years.

Hon. Corrington W. Searle .came to Newark from the Wyoming valley in Pennsylvania, where he was born, near the close of the last century. He was a respectable member of the Licking county bar, and as early as 1824 was prosecuting attorney, and served until 1832. After that he was for a time associated with judge Wyllis Silliman, in the practice of law. In 1836 he was elected judge of the court of common pleas, and remained on the bench until 1843. Judge Searle was a good lawyer, and discharged the duties of judge with credit and honor to himself. After his retirement from the bench he removed to Zanesville where he died a number of years ago, and

HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY. - 277

where several of his children are at present living. Samuel M. Browning was one of Newark's lawyers of fifty years ago. He was scholarly and accomplished, genial and studious. In 1833 he was elected mayor of Newark, and again in 1836, but resigned the office before his term expired; and removed to Mount Vernon.

Colonel James Parker came to Newark as a merchant from Amboy, New Jersey, in 1829, and soon after commenced the study of law, and in due time entered upon its practice. In 1834 he was elected a member of the council, and became prosecuting attorney in 1836, in which office he served four years. From 1842 to 1844 he was State senator. He afterwards removed to Cincinnati, where he was elected a judge of the court of common pleas, and where he died some years after the expiration of his term of service on the bench.

Hon. George H. Flood came from Zanesville, of which place he was a native, to Newark in 1837, to practice law. In 1838 and again in 1839 he was elected a member of the State legislature, in which body he became an active and prominent member. Towards the close of President Van Buren's term of office he appointed Mr. Flood charge d'affaires to the Republic of Texas, where he died not long after.

Hon. Samuel White was one of our earlier lawyers, and a full biographical sketch of him is given in the chapter on the Welsh Hills settlement.

Daniel Humphrey was also one of the early lawyers of Licking county. The various offices he held are set forth in our chapters on county officers, and on city officers. He died many years ago.

Hon. Joshua Mathiot was a prominent .member of the Licking county bar. He was a native of Connellsville, Fayette county, Pennsylvania, and came to Newark, Ohio, about the year 1820, before he had fully reached manhood, and when it was .yet a small village. Joshua Mathiot was ambitious, and. availed himself of every opportunity to acquire an education suitable and requisite for the profession of the law. Having acquired that, he entered the law office of General Samuel Herrick, of Zanesville, and after pursuing his law studies for several years, he was admitted to the bar, and soon succeeded in acquiring an extensive law practice. He was elected prosecuting attorney of the county in 1832, and served until 1836. In 1834 he was elected mayor of Newark. Hon. Joshua Mathiot was for a time associated with his father-in-law, Samuel W: Culbertson, esq., of Zanesville, in the. practice of law, and afterwards with judge Buckingham, who had been a law student in his office. Samuel White, esq., had also studied law in his office. He also entered into politics with a good deal of energy, and was elected a member of Congress in 1840, the district being composed of the counties of Muskingum and Licking.

Hon. Joshua Mathiot died suddenly, in 1849, when he had barely reached the "noon of life," leaving his widow and several children, one of whom was the wife of Rev. Dr. Cuyler, of Brooklyn, to mourn the loss of one who had been preeminently faithful and devoted as husband and father. He was a man of correct deportment, and exemplary in all the relations of life, always giving the weight of his influence on the side of philanthropy, good morals, temperance, and the institutions of Christianity.

In 1822 the first Presbyterian church, of Newark, organized a Sunday-school, and the records show that Joshua Mathiot was chosen one of its managers. The church was generously supported by him, and educational enterprises and temperance organizations were liberally upheld and sustained by him. The many admirable traits of character he possessed secured him numerous and warm friends. His circle of friends and acquaintances was large, and they were as warm in their attachment and devotion, as they were numerous. It may be safely said that we have had but few men among us who more largely enjoyed the public confidence than Colonel Joshua Mathiot.

Lucius Case was born in Connecticut, November 8, 1813. He spent his youth and early manhood in his native State, where he received a common school education. He, however, completed his education at the Wesleyan university, at Middletown, and adopted the legal profession as his permanent pursuit. He studied law with judge Phelps, of Hartford, finishing with judge Finch, of Delaware, Ohio, whose office he entered in 1834. He settled first in Hocking county, but came to

278 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY.

Newark in 1841, where he continued in successful practice until his death, which occurred July 23, x864, while in the prime of life. He was a member of the Constitutional convention of 1850, and participated actively in the debates of that body. He was a man of vigorous intellect, improved by education and select reading. Of the later members of the par of Newark, who have more recently passed from the stage of action, perhaps none were more prominent than judge Israel Dille and S. D. King. The former was born at Dille's bottom (so called on account of his father's ownership) in August, 1802, on the I Ohio river, in what was then the Northwest Territory, now Belmont county, Ohio. While still an infant, his father removing to Cuyahoga county, he was transported thence across what was then an almost unbroken, trackless forest, in the arms of :. his mother, who made the entire journey on horseback. His only opportunity for education was the few books which formed the library of his father, among which was a work on astronomy, which was , his special study and delight, and which created that taste for astronomy and meteorology which he evinced in after life. When about fifteen, he entered school at Washington, Pennsylvania, where some of the friends of the family lived. About 1825; he was a teacher at Somerset, Perry county, Ohio, and at the same time a law student with the late Hocking H. Hunter, of Lancaster, Ohio, to whom he went at intervals for recitation. After his admission to the bar, he settled at Newark, and very soon attracted attention as a lawyer of great ability, and won the respect and friendship of such men as Thomas Ewing, Hocking H. Hunter, and William Stanberry, by whom he was regarded as a peer, and with whom he argued many important law cases. He was untiring in the acquisition of legal lore, indefatigable in the pursuit of knowledge, laborious as a student of science, philosophy, and literature; geology, mineralogy, belles lettres and speculative philosophy were his favorite studies. By diligence and laborious investigation he acquired such a fund of information as is possessed by comparatively few men. So extensive and diversified were his general information and knowledge that he had few equals.

In 1840, his health having failed, he abandoned the active practice of his profession, and sought relief by travel; visiting the entire region from New York to New Orleans. He became familiar with the geology of the whole country, and knew the rivers, watersheds, and the resources in mineral wealth of the Mississippi valley, from its mouth to the copper mines of Lake Superior.

Possessed as he was of rare accomplishments, he was, withal, very communicative, and, therefore, an instructive and valuable companion. Possessing those qualities, one of his rare intelligence and suavity of manner could not fail to be most attractive as a conversationalist, and most charming in social intercourse.

Mr. Dille was, for a number of years, a popular lecturer oil geology. He was also one of the vicepresidents of the Union Academy of Arts and Sciences, at Washington city, and contributed a paper on the cosmogony of Moses, which was published, and attracted very considerable attention, especially from the clergy. He also excelled as a newspaper writer, as a pamphleteer, and as a contributor to the magazines and quarterly reviews.

After the commencement of the war of the Rebellion, he went to Washington, and became connected with the internal revenue office, then in its infancy, where he remained until his death, which occurred at his home, in Washington city, after a very brief illness, on January 10, 1874, in the seventy-second year of his age.

Mr. Dille was always full of benevolent schemes for the benefit of society, and looking out for the interests of the future. At his very last visit to his old home in Newark, an incident occurred which illustrates this trait in his character.

He was met by a deputation of citizens with an address of gratitude for something that he had done thirty or forty years before. It seems that when Newark was a small village, he was chosen its mayor; and in pursuance of his usual disposition to look after the interests of the future, he undertook to beautify what is now known as Court House square. He graded the grounds, filled up the depressions, and planted it around with elms. His work made, perhaps, little show at the time, but the years moved along, and the

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trees grew, till now they are the beauty and glory of the place, and the citizens who are enjoying the benefits of his beneficent labors, may well hold him in grateful remembrance.

S. D. King was a native of Berkeley county, now West Virginia, but came to Ohio in early life, completing his education at the Ohio university. After graduating, he studied law, was admitted to ! the bar, and located in Newark for the practice of his profession, about fifty-two years ago. He soon attained to a position of prominence as a lawyer, and had an extensive and lucrative practice, which he retained through a period of at least one full generation. His conspicuously successful career brought him wealth, honors, and friends. He had but little ambition for public life, and, therefore, seldom sought the suffrages of his fellow citizens; he, however, sometimes accepted. positions that gave him opportunities to aid in promoting educational and Christian interests; he also served as prosecuting attorney, and as a member of the State legislature. His influence was always in favor of the right as he saw it. He outlived all his cotemporaries and died April 20, 1880, at the ripe age of eighty years:

Several other men of eminent ability have been, and some are yet, connected with the Newark bar, whose biographies will be found elsewhere in this work.

The older members of the present bar of Newark are Messrs. George B. Smythe, C. H. Kibler, James R. Stanbery, H. D. Sprague, Jerome Buckingham, Charles Follett and Gibson Atherton. 'The younger members who are coming upon the stage of action and whose full success is yet to be determined by the future, are Joel Dennis, J. B. Jones, John D. Jones, B. G. Smythe, Jesse Flory, James W. Owens, John H. James, D. A. Allen, John M. Swartz, J. R. Davies, Judge S. M. Hunter, William A. King, George Grasser, James Lingafelter, W. Taylor, C. Norpel, C. Follett, jr., E. M. P. Brister, L. P. Coman, William Baker, A. B. Barrick, Perry Veach, Clark Barrows, J. E. Lawhead, Thomas Thornton, George P. Webb, Theodore Kemp, Charles F. Bryan and L: B. Harris.

Little need be said of the building. in which these men fought their battles, so far as this count is concerned. All the court houses-four in number-have occupied the public square. The first one stood a little north of the present building; was built of logs, and when first erected the floor was mother earth, either bare or covered with sawdust. It was a square pen, one or two stories in height (statements differing regarding this), the seats were slabs or puncheons laid upon blocks of wood. It was in perfect keeping with the cabins of the settlers, and was erected in 1809 or 1810, serving all the purposes of a court house until about 1815, when another was erected. This one was stylish, comparatively; being built of brick, two stories in height, thirty or forty feet square, surmounted with a roof which sloped from either side to the center, upon which rested the square cupola. The upper part of this building was occupied as a court room, and the lower part for offices, there being an office in each corner. This building stood about where the present one stands, as did also the one which immediately succeeded it. About 1832 it became necessary to erect a new one. The old one was not only too small for the accommodation of the increased business, but it had been poorly constructed and was beginning to decay; it was, therefore, taken down, and another brick structure erected in its place, which, however, was but little improvement upon the old one except that it was larger. It consisted of two stories and a basement, and was built something after the style of the old court house in Richland county, and shows that certain ideas of architecture for court houses prevailed at that time. When the building had been put up ready for the roof, instead of putting on the roof in the ordinary way, another partial-wooden-story was added, with ends jutting out over the main building, these ends being supported by stone pillars. This was supposed to add greatly to the architectural beauty of the building. The pillars, and the part resting on them, were wholly and entirely useless-not probably even answering the purpose for which they were designed, that of architectural finish. The pillars in the case of the Newark court house were on the east and west ends. This building was destroyed by fire in 1874; about the time it was desirable to have a new one.

The present building was begun in 1876, and cost, with furniture, about one hundred and ninety

280 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY.

thousand dollars. It was fire-proof except the upper portion. In March, 1879, the upper part caught fire, probably from a defective flue from the heating apparatus, and was destroyed; burning down to the second story, where the fire was extinguished. In this fire the records in the offices of the recorder and auditor suffered greatly by fire and water. The part destroyed was rebuilt at a cost of forty or fifty thousand dollars. It is a beautiful structure, and looks as if it might stand the ravages of time a few centuries.

The following is a list of articles deposited in the corner-stone of this building, under the auspices of the Masonic fraternity:

1. A list of city, county, State and other public officers.

2. Printed transactions of the Licking County Pioneer society.

3. History of the Welsh settlement in the county.

4. List of soldiers from Licking county in the war of the Rebellion.

5. List of the Licking county soldiers killed during the late war.

6. Copies of the Newark Advocate (June 30, 1876); Newark American (June 30, 1876), and Newark Banner of June 28, 1876.

7. Christian Apologist, German, published in Cincinnati.

8. A Welsh paper (Y Drych) published at Utica, New York.

9. Copy of the Masonic proceedings of the day.

10 Copy of the printed proceedings of the Masonic grand bodies of Ohio, for 1875.

11. List of the officers and members of Newark Lodge No. 97, F. and A. M.

12. List of the officers of. the Grand Lodge, held for the purpose of laying this corner-stone.

13. A box of coins, furnished by the commissioners of Licking county and the First National bank of Newark.

14, List of officiating ministers of the city of Newark, July 4, 1876.

15. List of members of the board of education.

16. A copy of a sermon in memory of the late Rev. Henry M. Hervey.

17. A copy of the Scientific Monthly of Toledo, Ohio.

18. Record from the German Benevolent society.

19. Record from St. Francis De Sales Benevolent society.

20. Record from Germania Benevolent society.

21. Record from Germania Building society,

22. Record from Robert Blume Grove No. 24 society.

23. Copy of the specifications and diagram of Joseph Rider's improvement in fire-arms,

24. Copy of the United States Internal Revenue return for 1876.

25. Copy of the premium list of the Licking County Agricultural society for 1876.

26. Copy of Ohio statistics for 1875.

27. List of the officers and students of Dennison university, Granville, Ohio.

28. List of the officers of the Licking County Pioneer society.

The first jail has been mentioned in the early history of the town. It stood on the south side of the public square, and Adam Hatfield, one of the first mail carriers, was probably the first jailor. The second jail was erected on a lot immediately in rear of the Park house, on East Main street. It was a square brick building, two stories in height, and very homely in appearance. About 1840 it was abandoned for the present building, which stands on Canal street, south side, between First and Second. It is a brick, two-story building, about thirty by forty feet in size, with a one-story wing on the east side, occupied by the jailor.

Among the public buildings may, perhaps, be considered the old market-house, which stood facing the square, directly in West Main street where it enters the square. It was erected about 1827 or 1828, and stood upon posts, the lower part being occupied for a market, and the upper part as a place of public worship, and for other public gatherings. Some of the early schools were also taught here. It was used until the present one, corner of Fourth and Main, was erected, in 1839 or 1840.

One of the most important public buildings in the county is the infirmary, located in Union township, eight miles from Newark, and about three miles south of Granville. The first Licking county poor-house, consisting of a hewn log building, was erected nearly upon the site of the present one, December 13, 1838, the first superintendent being Trueman B. French, and the first inmate admitted, Samuel Thrall, of Granville township. In 1862, the old log structure was cleared off and a brick building substituted, forming one portion of the present main building. Since the first, the farm has also been extended, and now consists of two hundred and twenty-six acres, nearly an acre of which is built over. Mr. William Beaumont, the efficient superintendent, comes from Alexandria, and took the office February 2, 1880. The main building is one hundred by forty feet, two stories and a basement, though showing three stories to the public road. On the first floor is the superintendent's office, a dining room for the female inmates, excellent kitchens,

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cellars, drying and ironing rooms. On the second floor are the superintendent's sleeping apartments; the male patients' dining room, capable of seating sixty persons; spacious sitting rooms for men; a tailoring and clothing department; a dispensary, suitably appointed for the visiting physician, Dr. S. S. Richards, from Kirkersville; the superintendent's private office, and a suitable meeting room for the infirmary directors. The whole of the third story is devoted to sleeping apartments.

The hospital and infirmary building is a substantial brick, two stories and a basement, eighty by sixty feet, and is occupied in part by children, who have their own separate dining room and sleeping apartments. The "idiot ward" is also in this building. Around these two structures cluster some fifteen or twenty smaller buildings, occupied as shoe shop, bake house, wash house, store house, slaughter house, winter and spring milk houses, smoke house, ice house, wood house; hog houses, gables, barns, etc. Neat flower and vegetable gardens are attached, and are skillfully tilled. The farce consists of two hundred and twenty acres under a high state of cultivation, having yielded this year eight hundred and five bushels of wheat, eight hundred bushels of corn, seventy tons of hay, two thousand bushels of potatoes, besides pasturing and feeding twenty-two cows, four horses and fifty hogs. There are two orchards, one quite young; the yield of fruit is satisfactory. The directors are James Miller, of Newark, elected in 1879; S. C. Williams, of Pataskala, elected in 1877; and R D. Horton, of St. Louisville, elected in 1878.

The project of. establishing a "Home for the Friendless" in the county has been inaugurated, and it is believed will soon be pushed to completion. It entered into the mind of Mr. Lucius Humphrey, one of the philanthropic citizens of the county, to signalize the close of his life by generously donating a tract of ten acres of land, situated within the corporate limits of Columbus, to this noble purpose. The liberal donor of the munificent gift selected judges Buckingham .and Follett and Hon. Isaac Smucker as trustees to carry his benevolent purpose into effect, who promptly accepted the trust and entered into the possession of the property. In pursuance of the provisions of the trust deed and of law, a board of trustees, composed of Messrs. Enoch Wilson, David Winegarner and John H. Franklin, has been appointed by the court, who have organized to execute the trust. The land has been conveyed to the county commissioners, who will proceed to sell it and apply the proceeds to the establishment and perpetuation of a children's home, as provided for by Mr. Humphrey, under the direction and superintendence of the recently appointed board of trustees.

282 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY

CHAPTER XXXV.

DATE OF SETTLEMENT. ORGANIZATION. ETC.

THE following is a list of the townships of Licking county, the date of their organization, and when settled:

TOWNSHIPS. WHEN ORGANIZED. WHEN SETTLED.

1. Licking * .................1801 ............................. 1801

2. Granville * ............. 1807 .............................. 1801

3. Hanover .................. 1808 ............................ 1801

4. Howling Green ........1808 .............................. 1802

5. Union ...................... 1808 .............................. 1800

6. Newton ....................1809 .............................. 1803

7. Newark ................... 1810............................... 1801

8. Madison.. .................1812 .............................. 1798

9. Monroe.....................1812 ............................... 1806

10. Washington ...........1812 ................................ 1808

11. Franklin................. 1812................................ 1805

12. St. Albans ............ 1813 ................................ 1807

13. Hopewell ...............1814 ................................. 1805

14. Bennington ............1815 ................................. 1809.

15. Harrison ................ 1816 ................................. 1806

16. Burlington ............ 1817.................................. 1806

17. Mary Ann .............. 1817 ................................. 1809

18. McKean ................. 1818 ................................. 1806

19. Hartford ................. 1819 ................................. 1812

20. Perry....................... 1819 ................................. 1810

21. Jersey ......................1820 ................................. 1815

22. Eden........................ 1822 ................................. 1813

23. Fallsbury ................ 1826 ................................. 1818

24. Liberty.................... 1827 .................................. 1821

25. Lima ...................... 1827................................... 1805

26. Etna_...................... 1833 .................................. 1815

Population of the city of Newark, and of the towns and villages of Licking county, according to the census of 1880:

Newark .............................................................................. 9,602

Granville ............................................................................ 1,027

Hebron................................................................................ 538

Pataskala, (first called Conine) .......................................... 664

Utica. (first called Wilmington).......................................... 700

Kirkersville ......................................................................... 349

Johnstown ............................................................................ 278

Columbia. (sometimes called Columbia Center) ................ 188

St Louisville ......................................................................... 215

Chatham. (first called Harrisburg.) ...................................... 133

Jersey..................................................................................... 128

Fredonia ............................................................................... 86

Vanattasburgh ...................................................................... 81

Total .................................................................................13,959

* Organized originally as part of Fairfield county.

N. B.- Amsterdan, Toboso, Wagram, New Way, Fallsburgh, Boston, Moscow, Sylvania, Summit Station, Union Station, Jackson, Brownsville, Hanover, Alexandria, Etna, Hartford, Homer, Gratiot, Elizabethtown, Linnville, Appleton, Luray, and perhaps other villages were not separately enumerated, but were included in the total population.

LICKING COUNTY TOWNS - WHEN LAID OUT AND BY WHOM

(Given in Chronological Order).

TOWN WHEN LAID OUT. AND BY WHOM.

Newark .....................1802 W. C. Schenck, J. N. Cummings and J. Burnet

Granville .................. 1806 Licking Land company.

Johnstown..................1813 Dr. Oliver Bigelow.

Utica. ........................ 1814 Major William Robertson.

Homer ....................... 1816 John Chonner.

Hartford..................... 1824 Ezekiel Wells and Elijah Durfey.

Hebron...................... 1827 John W. Smith.

Jackson ..................... 1829 Thomas Harris.

Fredonia ................... 1829 Spencer Arnold, David Wood, jr., and S. Shaw.

Gratiot ...................... 1829 Adam Smith.

Brownsville............... 1829 Adam Brown.

Linnville ....................1829 Samuel Parr

Chatham ................... 1829 John Wagonner.

Elizabethtown .......... 1829 Leroy. Beverly. Abner and Minerva Lemert

Lockport ................... 1830 James Holmes and C. W. Searle.

Moscow. ............... ....1830 Daniel Green and William Green.

Alexandria ................ 1830 Alexander Devilbliss.

Wagram .................... 1831 (First called Cumberland) Jeremiah Armstrong.

Appleton ................... 1832 Titus Knox and Carry Mead.

Etna ........................... 1832 I.yman Turrill.

Jersey..........................1832 L Headley, W. Condit. E. Beecher and A. D. Pearson.

Kirkersville ............... 1832 William C. Kirker.

Luray . ....................... 1832 Adam Sane and Richard Porter.

Amsterdam ................ 1834 George Barnes.

Sylvania ..................... 1838 Jesse and Abraham Gosnell.

St. Louisville .............. 1840. John Evans.

Columbia .................... 1850 John Reese, Stephen Childs and Mark Richey.

Pataskala ..................... 1851 Richard Cosine.

Hanover ...................... 1832. J. H. Hollister.

Toboso ....................... 1852 William Stanbery.

HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY. - 283

Fairfield, Licking, New Winchester, Belfast, Exeter, Livingston, and Mount Hope are virtually extinct villages of Licking county.

TOWNSHIPS NUMBER OF NAMES OF FIRST SET- WHEN

OF LICK- INHABITANTS TLERS IN EACH. SETTLED.

ING COUNTY IN 1880.

Bennington 887 Henry Iles 1809

Bowling Green 926 Michael Thorn, F. Myer and H. Neff 1802

Burlington 1,068. James Dunlap, C. Vanousdal and others 1806

Eden 767 W. Shannon. J. Oldaker and E. Brown 1813

Etna 1,168 J. Williams, J. Crouch, Nelsons and Housers . 1815

Fallsbury 897 David Bright 1818

Franklin 819 George Ernst, the Switzers and J. Feasel 1805

Granville 2,147 John Jones and Patrick Cunningham 1801

Hanover 1,227 Philip Barrick 1801

Harrison 1,328. Henry Drake. 1806

Hartford 1,159 Daniel Poppleton . 1812

Hopewell 1,000 W. Hull. I. Farmer, S. Pollock and others 1806

Jersey 1,358 Joseph and Peter Headly and L. Martin 1815

Liberty 753 Rena Knight and others 1821

Licking 1,157 P. Sutton, J. Rathbone and J. and G. Gillespie 1801

Lima 1,803 -Hatfield, David and John Herron 1805

Madison 920 Elias Hughes and John Ratliff 1798

Mary Ann 944. - Bush, a Virginian 1809

McKean 980 John Price 1806

Monroe 1,339 George W. Evans, Charles and George Green 1806

Newark 1,012 Samuel Parr and others 1801

Newton 1,332 John Evans 1803

Perry 1,038 Samuel Hickerson and James Thrap 1810

St. Albans 1,148 John Cook Herron 1807

Union 1,878 John Van Buskirk, the Fords and others 1800

Washington. 1,620 Joseph Conard, John Lee, and others 1808

The following list comprises the names of the persons, with the titles of their offices and time of service in the various State and county offices, so far as this county was identified with them, beginning with the members of Congress who have represented districts of which Licking county formed a part

Jeremiah Morrow served from ............................1803 to 1813

James Kilbourn " "............................... 1813 to 1817

Philemon Beecher " "............................... 1817 to 1821

Joseph Vance " "................................1821 to 1823

William Wilson " " .............................. 1823 to 1827

William Stanbery " "............................... 1827 to 1833

Robert Mitchell served from ............................... 1833 to 1835

Elias Howell " "............................... 1835 to 1837

Alexander Harper " "................................ 1837 to 1839

Jonathan Taylor " "................................ 1839 to 1841

Joshua Mathiot " "................................ 1841 to 1843

Heman A. Moore " "................................ 1843 to 1844

Alfred P. Stone " "................................ 1844 to 1845

Columbus Delano " " ................................ 1845 to 1847

Daniel Duncan " " .................................. 1847 to 1849

Charles Sweetser " " ...................................1849 to 1853

Edson B. Olds " " ................................... 1853 to 1855

Samuel Galloway " " ................................... 1855 to 1857

Samuel S. Cox " ".................................... 1857 to 1863

John O'Neil " ".................................... 1863 to 1865

Columbus Delano " ".................................... 1865 to 1867

George W. Morgan '' "................................... 1867 to 1873

Milton I. Southard " "................................... 1873 to 1879

Gibson Aitherton " ".................................... 1879 to 1883

The State senators were -

Robert F. Slaughter served from ..............................1803 to 1805

Jacob Button " " .............................. 1805 to 1806

Elnathan Schofield " "...... .......................... 1806 to 1810

Jacob Burton " "................................. 1808 to 1810

William Trimble " "..................................1810 to 1812

Robert F. Slaughter " "................................ 1810 to 1812

William Gavitt " "................................ 1812 to 1814

William Gass " "................................ 1814 to 1815

William Gavitt " "................................ 1815 to 1816

Mordecai Bartley " "................................. 1816 to 1818

John Spencer " "................................ 1818 to 1822

Jacob Catterlin " "................................. 1822 " 1824

William Stanbery " "..................................1824 " 1826

William W. Gault " "................................. 1826 " 1830

Elias Howell " "................................ 1830 " 1832

Benjamin Briggs " "................................. 1832 " 1833

Jonathan Taylor " ".................................. 1833 " 1836

William W. Gault " "................................ 1836 " 1838

Richard Stadden " "................................. 1838 " 1840

Burrill B. Taylor " "................................. 1840 " 1842

James Parker " "................................. 1842 " 1844

Willard Warner " "................................... 1844 " 1846

Samuel Winegarner " "................................. 1846 " 1848

Samuel Patterson " "................................. .1848 " 1850

John C. Alward " "...................................1850 " 1854

Charles Follett " ".................................. 1854 " 1856

Daniel Gardner " ".................................. 1856 " 1858

William P. Reid " " ................................ 1858 " 1860

Thomas C. Jones " ".. ............................. .1860 " 1862

John A. Sinnett " " ................................ 1862 " 1864

James R. Stanbery " " ................................ 1864 " 1866

Willard Warner, jr " "................................. 1866 " 1868

Lewis Evans " "................................. 1868 " 1870

James R. Hubbel " "................................. 1870 " 1871

Early F. Poppleton " "................................. 1871 " 1872

John B. Jones " "................................. 1872 " 1874

William P. Reid " "................................. 1874 " 1876

James W. Owens " "................................. 1876 " 1880

F. M. Marriott " "................................. 1880 " 1882

The members of the House of representatives were:

284 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY.

William Trimble served in first session of .. ............ 1803

David Reese " " ".......................... 1803

William Gass " from second session in 1803 to 1805

Philemon Beecher " " "......................... 1803 to 1804

David Reese " from ............................. 1804 to 1805

Philemon Beecher " " ............................... 1805 to 1808

Robert Cloud " "................................. 1805 to 1806

William W. Irwin served from .................................. 1806 to 1808

Alexander Holden " " ..................................... 1808 to 1809

William Gass " ". .................................... 1809 to 1810

Jeremiah R. Munson " "...................................... 1810 to 1811

William Gass " "...................................... 1811 to 1812

Edward Herrick " "...................................... 1812 to 1813

William Hains " "......................................1813 to 1814

John Spencer " ".....................................1814 to 1817

William W. Gault " ".................................... 1817 to 1818

Anthony Pitzer " ".................................... 1818 to 1820

William W. Gault " "................................... .1820 to 1822

Augustine Munson " ".................................... 1822 to 1824

Stephen C. Smith " "................................... 1824 to 1825

Bradley Buckingham " " .................................. .1825 to 1826

Stephen C. Smith " ".................................. 1826 to 1827

William Hull " ".................................... 1827 to 1828

Jacob Baker " "................................... 1828 to 1829

Benjamin Briggs " ".................................... 1829 to 1830

Bryant Thornhill " ".................................... 1830 to 1832

Jonathan Taylor " "......................................1832 to 1833

Samuel D. King " "..................................... 1833 to 1834

William Mitchell " "................ .................... 1833 to 1835

John Yontz " "..................................... 1835 to 1837

John Stewart " "..................................... 1836 to 1838

Isaac Smucker " ".................................... 1837 to 1839

George H. Flood " ". ................................... 1838 to 1840

Walter B. Morris " " ................................... .1839 to 1841

Elisha Warren " "......................................1840 to 1841

Jonathan Smith " "..................................... 1841 to 1842

Isaac Green " "...................................... 1841 to 1843

Phelps Humphrey " "..................................... 1842 to 1843

Samuel White " "......................................1843 to 1844

Daniel Duncan. " "......................................1843 to 1844

Presley N. O'Bannon " "..................................... .1844 to 1845

Seth S. Wright " ".......................................1845 to 1846

E. L. Smith " ".......................................1845 to 1846

Jonathan Smith " "........................................1846 to 1847

Robert Fristo " ".......................................1847 to 1848

Robert B. Truman " ".......................................1848 to 1849

Noah Reed " ".......................................1849 to 1830

Richard H. Yates " "......................................1850 to 1854

John Bell " "..................................... 1852 to 1854

Alban Warthen " "..................................... 1854 to 1856

A. E. Rogers " "...................................... 1854 to 1856

John A. Sinnett " "...................................... 1856 to 1858

Charles B. Giffin " ".......................................1856 to 1858

William B. Woods " "...................................... 1858 to 1862

William Parr " ".......................................1858 to 1862

George B. Smythe " "........................................1862 to 1864

John H. Putnam " "....................................... 1864 to 1868

John F. Follett " "........................................ 1866 to 1870

William Parr " "....................................... 1868 to 1872

William Bell, jr . " "........................................ 1872 to 1874

William D. Smith " "....................................... .1874 to 1876

Joel L. Tyler " "........................................ 1876 to 1880

Benjamin Brownfield " ..................................... .1879 to 1881

The members of the Constitutional convention were:

Henrv Abrams and Emanuel Carpenter in .. .. . ... 1802

Lucius Case and Henry S. Manon in .....................1851-1852

William P. Kerr in convention of ..................... . . 1873-1874

The Presidential electors of :his county have been:

Daniel Humphrey, who served in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1856

James R. Stanberry "........................................................1864

William D. Hamilton " .......................................................1868

Isaac Smucker, "........................................................1872

Edward M. Downer. "...................................................... 1876

Mendall Churchill "..................................................... .1880

The president judges of the common pleas court have been

William Wilson from . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 1808 to 1822

Alexander Harper, "..........................................1822 to 1836

Corrington W. Searle "........................................ 1836 to 1843

Richard Stillwell ". . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . .. ....1843 to 1852

Rollin C. Hurd. "............. ...........................1852 to 1857

Sherman Finch, "..........................................1857 to 1862

Thomas C. Jones "..... . .. . ........... ................ 1862 to 1867

Jefferson Brumback, "..........................................1867 to 1869

Jerome Buckingham ".......................................... 1869 to 1870

Charles Follett, "...... ...... .............................1870 to 1876

Samuel M. Hunter, "...........................................1876 to 1881

The associate judges have been:

James Taylor, from ..... ...... . .. .... . . 1808 to 1809

Alexander Holmes, " ....................1808 to 1812

Timothy Rose. "........ ....................... 1808 to 1813

Henry Smith, " .................................1809 to 1823

Noah Fidler, "..................................1813 to 1823

William Hains. ". . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .1814 to 1816

Anthony Pitzer. " ................................ 1816 to 1818

Zachariah Davis "................................. 1818 to 1825.

Alexander Holmes. ". ............................... 1823 to 1828

Samuel Bancroft " . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 1824 to 1845

William O. Bannon, ".................................1823 to 1839

John J. Brice, "................................ 1828 to 1829

William Taylor "................................ 1829 to 1842

Levi J. Haughey " . . . . . . . ... . . . .. . .. .1839 to 1843

Daniel :Martin ". .. .. . . ... . . .... .......... 1842 to 1849

Benjamin F. Myers ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1843 to 1850

Benjamin W. Brice "............. .... ............... 1845 to 1847

William Hunter " ................................. 1847 to 1852

John Van Fossen. "................................. 1849 to 1852

Elizur Abbott ".................................. 1850 to 1852

Associate judges were abolished by the constitution of 1852, and probate judges substituted. The probate judges have been:

Daniel Humphrey, from ...............1852 to 1858

Henry Kennon, "....................1858 to 1864

William H. Shircliff, "...................1864 to 1873

Waldo Talor "...................1873 to 1876

George M. Grasser "...................1876 to 1882

HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY. - 285

The sheriff's have been: .

John Stadden, from ...........................1808 to 1810

Andrew Baird, "................................1810 to 1814

Andrew Allison, "................................1814 to 1818

John Cunningham "............................... 1818 to 1822

William W. Gault, .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1822 to 1826

Elias Howell. ".... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1826 to 1830

William Spencer. "........... . . ................ 1830 to 1834

Richard Stadden. "................................ 1834 to 1838

William P. Morrison, " . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1838 to 1840

Caleb Boring, "..................................1840 to 1844

William Veach ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1844 to 1848

William Parr, "...................................1848 to 1852

William Bell ". . ..... . . . . ............... .1852 to 1854

Hiram Tenney, ".................................. 1854 to 1859

William Bell, "..................................1859 to 1863

Jonathan E. Rankin . "............................ 1863 to 1867

Jeremiah Siler. ". . . . . . . . . ...... . . . . .1867 to 1871

Elisha Williams. "..... . . . . . ............ . . . 1871 to 1875

S. H. Schofield, "................................. 1875 to 1879

A. T. Howland, "................................. 1879 to 1883

The clerks of the court of common pleas have been:

Samuel Bancroft, from . . . . . .. . . . 1808 to 1809

Stephen McDougal, ".......................1809 to 1816

Amos H. Caffee, " . . . . . . . . . . . 1816 to 1837

Franklin Fullerton, ".......................1837 to 1844

Gilbert Brady, "...................... 1844 to 1852

William Spencer. " . . . . . . . . . . . 1852 to 1855

Rees Darlington. " ..................... 1855 to 1858

Thomas J. Anderson ".......................1858 to 1864

Samuel A. Parr " . . . . . . . . . . . 1864 to 1870

Isaac W. Bigelow ". . . . . . . . . . . .1870 to 1876

Sylvester S. Wells, ". . . . . . . . . . . 1876 to 1879

A. R. Brown, "...................... 1879 to 1880

Charles T. Dickenson "...................... 1880 to 1883

From 1808 to 1832 prosecuting attorneys were appointed by the judges. Among those who in early times served in this office. for a longer or shorter period, were Major Jeremiah R. Munson, General .Samuel Herrick, Hons. Thomas Ewing, William Stanberry, Hosmer Curtis, Charles B. Goddard, and Corrington W. Searle, whose term ended in 1832.

Joshua Mathiot served from ........................1832 to 1836

James Parker " " ..........................1836 to 1840

Daniel Humphrey " "...........................1840 to 1850

Charles Follett " "......................... .1850 to 1853

Harvey C. Blackman " "...........................1853 to 1856

William B. Clarke " "......................... 1856 to 1858

Gibson Atherton " "......................... 1858 to 1863

Lucius Case " "......................... 1863 to 1863

Morgan N. Odell " "...........................1863 to 1867

James W. Owens. " ".......................... 1867 to 1871

Samuel M. Hunter " "...........................1871 to 1875

Asbury Barrick " "...........................1875 to 1879

James E Laughead " "......................... 1879.to 1881

The county recorders have been:

Thomas Taylor served from . . .. .. . . . . . ... . . . . 1808 to 1814

Amos H. Caffee.. " ".....................................1824 to 1820

Stephen McDougal" ".................................... 1820 to 1842

Gilbert Brady " "..................................... 1842 to 1844

James Parker " "..................................... 1844 to 1845

James White " " .....................................1845 to 1851

Thomas J. Anderson" "......................................1851 to 1857

Jesse S. Green " "..................................... 1857 to 1863

Isaac W . Bigelow " ".................................... 1863 to 1869

W. E. Atkinson " ".....................................1869 to 1875

J. F. Lingafelter " ".................................... 1875 to 1880

George Iden " " by appointment ...........1880 to 1881

J. R. McCullough " "..................................... 1881 to 1884

The county commissioners have been:

Archibald Wilson, sr., served from....................1808 to 1814

Elisha Wells " "...................... 1808 to 1810

Israel Wells " "...................... 1808 to 1811

Timothy Spellman " "...................... 1810 to 1822

William Hains " "...................... 1811 to 1813

Samuel Stewart " "........................1814 to 1815

Bradley Buckingham " "..................... 1814 to 1814

Augustine Munson " " . . . . . ............ 1814 to 1816

William Stanberry " "....................... 1815 to 1817

William W. Gault " ". ..................... 1816 to 1816

Alexander Holden " "........................ 1817 to 1820

William Robertson " ".........................1817 to 1820

Thomas McKean Thompson " "....................... 1822 to 1825

Jacob Baker " "........................ 1823 to 1828

Alexander Holden " "....................... 1824 to 1827

Richard Lamson " "........................ 1825 to 1827

Chester Wells " "... . .. . . .. . . .....1827 to 1833

John Crow " ".........................1827 to 1831

Samuel Parr " ". ...... . . . . . . . . 1828 to 1832

James Bramble " "............. ........ ..1831 to 1834

John Crow " ".............. ..........1832 to 1835

Samuel Hand , " "........................ 1833 to 2839

Benjamin Woodbury " ".........................1834 to 1837

Jacob Baker " ".............. .......:..1835 to 1837

Israel Dille " ".........................1837 to 1837

Levi J. Haughey " "............. ..........1837 to 1837

Bryant Thornhill " "........... . ..........1837 to 1843

Archibald Cornell " ".........................1837 to 1843

Thomas H. Fidler " "....................... 1839 to 1841

Isaac Green " ".............. ..........1841 to 1841

Carey McClelland " "....... . . . . . . . . .1841 to 1845

Henry Burner, jr., " " ... ............... ... 1841 to 1844

Crandal Rosencrantz " ".... ....................1843 to 1843

Thomas Blanchard " "............ . ..........1843 to 1852

John Brumback " " . .......................1844 to 1850

Leroy Lemert " " ........................ 1845 to 1848

Jordan Hall " " .........................1848 to 1851

Daniel Gardener " "......................... 1850 to 1855

Benjamin L. Critchet " ".... . . . . . .. . . ... 1851 to 1854

Lewis Lake " " .........................1852 to 1855

Willis Robbins " " . .......................1854 to 1857

Valentine B. Alsdorf " "..........................1855 to 1858

William Barrick " " . ...... . . . . . . . . 1855 to 1858

James Stone " " . .......................1856 to 1858

Michael Morath " ".........................1857 to 1863

286 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY.

Jacob Anderson served from .......................1858 to x861

James H. Grant " "...........................1858 to 1863

Ira.A. Condit " ".......................... 1861 to 1867

James Pittsford " ".......................... 1863 to 1869

James Y. Stewart " ". .........................1865 to 1871

A. J. Hill " ".......................... 1867 to 1873

Elias Padgett " ".......................... 1869 to 1873

Richard Lane " "......................... 1871 to 1877

Felix C. Harris " "........................ .1874 to 1880

Joseph White " ".......................... 1875 to 1878

Stephen Hoskinson " ".......................... 1877 to 1883

A. B. Coffman " "... . . . . . . . ........ 1878 to 1881

Robert Leeding " ".......................... 1879 to 1882

From 1808 to 1820 the commissioners appointed their clerks, who discharged the duties now performed by county auditors. The office of clerk of commissioners was abolished in 1820, and that of county auditor created.

Elias Gilman served as commissioners clerk from. . 1808 to 1809

Archibald Wilson, jr., served from 1809 to 1811

John Cunningham " " ................................1811 to 1813

Amos H. Caffee " ".............. . . . . . . . . .1813 to 1820

The county auditors have been:

William W. Gault served from ..............................1820 to 1820

Stephen McDougal " "........................ . . . . . 1820 to 1825

John Cunningham " ".................................. 1825 to 1835

William Spencer " "...................................1835 to 1841

William P. Morrison " ".................................. 1841 to 1844

Abner W. Dennis " "......... . . . . . . . . . . . . .1844 to 1853

Thomas J. Davis " "........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1853 to 1853

William B. Arven " "...................................1855 to 1857

Thomas J. Davis " "..................................1857 to 1859

Wm. H. Winegarner " "................................ 1859 to 1861

Silas B. Woolson " "... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1861 to 1865

William Ball, jr " ". . . . . . . . ................. 1865 to 1871

William D. Morgan " "................................. 1871 to 1875

Corrington S. Brady " "...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1875 to 1880

James F. Lingafelter " "............................... 1881 to 1882

From 1808 to 1825, property teas assessed by township assessors. In the latter year a law was passed providing for the election of county assessors by the people, which remained in force until 1841 when it teas repealed and the old system of township assessors again adopted. The following persons served as county assessors under the law of 1825:

James Holmes served from .. .. .. .. . . . . . ... . . . . 1825 to 1827

C. W. Searle and M. M. Caffee served in . ... . . . ....... 1827

William Spencer served from . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . 1827 to 1820

J. B. W. Haynes " " ...............................1829 to 1833

John Stewart " "............................. 1833 to 1835

William Moats " "............................... 1833 to 1841

Tax collectors were appointed by the commissioners. From 1808 to 1827 they collected the taxes and paid them over to the county treasurer for disbursement. In 1827 the office was abolished, and the duty of collecting the taxes was imposed upon the treasurer.

John Stadden served from .......................................1808 to 1810

John Cunningham " " ......................................... 1810 to 1812

James Robinson " ".......................................... 1812 to 1812

John Cunningham " "........................................... 1812 to 1813

Andrew Allison " "............................................ 1813 to 1816

Jonathan Simpson " "........................................... 1816 to 1817

Jacob Little " ".......................................... 1817 to 1818

John Cunningham " "........................................... 1818 to 1820

Nicholas Shaver " ".............................................1820 to 1822

Thomas Taylor " ". . . . . . . . . . . . .... . ............. 1822 to 1823

Samuel Bancroft " "............................................. 1823 to 1824

Elias Howell " "............................................ 1824 to 1827

COUNTY TREASURERS.

Elias Gilman served from ............................................1808 to 1810

John J. Brice " "................................................1810 to 1813

John Cunningham " "................................................1813 to 1817

James Gillespie " "............................................... 1817 to 1827

Sereno Wright " "................................................1827 to 1838

Jesse D. Arven " "............................................... 1838 to 1840

John Stewart " "............................................... 1840 to 1842

William Moats " ".......................... ....................1842 to 1844

Thomas Holmes " "................................................1844 to 1852

Thomas Ewing " "................................................1852 to 1856

I. C. Ball " "............................................... 1856 to 1858

Thomas B. Pease " ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. 1858 to 1862

Lewis Evans " "............................................... 1862 to 1866

D. E. Stevens " ".................................................1866 to 1870

L. A. Stevens " ".................................................1870 to 1874

E. H. Ewan " "............................................... 1874 to 1878

William M. Fulton " ". ............................................... 1878 to 1882

MARSHALS OR CENSUS - TAKERS.

Amos H. Caffee enumerated the inhabitants in . . .. . . ... . 1820

Benjamin Briggs and Samuel English took the census in. . 1830

Isaac Smucker, Henry S. Manon, J. A. W. McCaddon

and H. W. R. Bruner performed that duty in .. . . . . . 1840

Enoch Wilson. E. B. Pratt, Hiram Wright and David

Wilson were the deputy marshals in ..........................1850

Levi J. Haughey, Henry S. Manon, B. Sutton, James

Pitzer and J. M. McClelland took the census in . . . . . 1860

C. B. Griffin, J. E. Rankin, Stewart Barnes, Aurelius

Ballou and others enumerated the inhabitants in ........1870

The enumerators for 1880 were as follows:

Bennington township ...................................J. R. Sanger.

Bowling Green township A..........................A. R. Brown.

Burlington township ....................................W. H. Brownscombe.

Eden township Thomas............................... Thomas L. King.

Etna township ............................................. G. A. Clifton.

Fallsbury township ... . . . . .. . . .... . . . . ... . George McQueen.

Franklin township.........................................W. M. Lacy.

Granville township .......................................S. L. Gardner.

Hanover township ....................................... A. A. Bounds.

Hartford township . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. O. Coleman.

Harrison township ........................................A. R. Miller.

Hopewell township .......................................James D. Gard.

Jersey township ............................................J. W. Robb.

Liberty township .........................................Asbury Moran.

HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY. - 287

Licking township... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thomas Roley

Lima township .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G. W. Tharp.

Mary Ann township ........ . . ..................... Benjamin B. Moats.

McKean township, .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . Edward T. Glynn.

Monroe township ........................................Jackson Hanover.

Madison township ......................................J. W. Halliday.

Newark township ...................................... D. D. Taylor.

Newark, First ward ....................................S. B. Woolson.

Newark, Second ward ............................... Thomas J. White.

Newark, Third ward ...................................Joseph Rosier.

Newark, Fourth ward . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richard Garner.

Newton township ...................................... Josiah Dillon.

Perry township .......................................... James M. Wagstaff.

St. Albans township . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S. G. Goddard.

Union township . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E. F. Beverly.

Washington township ............................... J. W. McKelvy.

Elnathan Schofield, Samuel H. Smith and James Dunlap performed the duties of surveyor while this was a portion of Fairfield county.

Elnathan Schofield served from ............................1801 to 1804

Samuel H. Smith " "................................1804 to 1807

James Dunlap " "............................... 1807 to 1812

Alexander Holmes " "............................... 1812 to 1820

James Holmes " "............................... 1820 to 1828

Thomas H. Bushnell " ".. .............................1828 to 1836

Timothy S. Leach " "................................1836 to 1847

Julius C. Knowles " ".................................1847 to 1850

David Wyrick " "................................ 1850 to 1859

Z. H. Denman " "..... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1859 to 1865

G. S. Spring " ".................................1865 to 1867

A. R. Pitzer " "............................... 1867 to 1874

George P. Webb " "............................... 1874 to 1881

William Anderson and his son also served as county surveyors.

Captain Samuel Elliott was elected coroner at the organization of the county in 1808 and served nearly a score of years, when his son, Alexander Elliott, succeeded and continued in the office by many re-elections. Captain James Coulter, Captain Samuel H. Josephs and John Lunceford were the immediate successors of the Elliots.

NUMBER OF INHABITANTS.

The following table gives the population of Licking county at each decennial period, according to the federal census tables, since the organization of the county, also of Newark

In 1810 - 3.852 Newark about ................200.

In 1820 - 11,861. " "................... .450.

In 1830 - 20,869. " had.................. 999.

In 1840 - 35,096. " "..................2,705

In 1850 - 38,846 " "................. 3,654.

In 1860 - 37,011 " "................. 4,675.

In 1870 - 36,196. " "................. 6,698.

In 1880 - 40,277 . " "................. 9,602.

CHAPTER XXXVI.

LITERARY PEOPLE OF THE BOUNTY, AUTHORS AND COMPILERS.

A NUMBER of persons, natives or residents of Licking county, have acquired a reputation as authors and compilers. Their names, and the titles of the volumes they wrote or compiled will be given, as far as they are known and remembered.

Honorable Herbert Howe Bancroft is the author of an elaborate work of five volumes, octavo, entitled "The Native .Races of. the Pacific States of North America." He is a native of Granville, but is now, and has been for twenty years or more, a resident of San Francisco. His work was published in 1876.

Dr. J. R. Black, of Newark, gave to the public a small volume of three hundred and twenty-two pages in 1873; its title being "The Ten Laws of Health."

Mr. Benjamin F. Ells, formerly of Newark, prepared and published, many years ago, in Dayton, Ohio, where he then lived, "A Grammar of the English Language."

Mrs. Helen King Spangler, a native of Newark, but now a resident of Coshocton, is the author of a book of about four hundred pages, entitled "The Physicians Wife," which has run through quite a number or editions.

Mr. William M. Cunningham wrote the following works: "The Manual of the Ancient and Accepted Rite," which is a volume of two hundred and seventy-two pages, and bears the imprint of

288 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY.

Philadelphia, 1864; "Cross Masonic Text-Book:" "Cross Masonic Chart;" "Cross Templars' Chart, 1865;" "Craft Masonry, 1874;" "Capitular Masonry;" "Cryptic Masonry;" "Templar Masonry." The author of the foregoing volumes is a native of Newark and has never lived elsewhere.

Mr. George W. Ingraham, city solicitor of Newark, compiled a volume of one hundred and eighty-four pages, bearing the title of "Revised Ordinances of the City of Newark, Ohio, of a general nature, in force June 1, 1876."

Miss Minnie Sprague, a native of Newark, and always a resident, is the author of a popular work of fiction that has run through half a score or more ` editions, entitled " An Earnest Trifler." Although " An Earnest Trifler" is the production of our most youthful author, and has been most recently issued, has, nevertheless, been in more extensive demand, and has obtained a wider circulation than the works of any of our authors, unless the Masonic volumes of Mr. Cunningham, and the volumes of the "Reports of the Secretary of State of Ohio," for 1877, '78, '79, which he compiled, should form the exceptions.

Honorable W. D. Morgan, who has been long a citizen of Licking county, while auditor of State, gave to the people of Ohio, annually, a "Report of the Auditor of State" for the years 1852, '53, '54,' 55.

Mrs. Browne is the author of a volume of fiction, which was not long since given to the public.

Mr. Pratt is the author of the history of Licking county that appears in the "Historical Atlas of Licking. County, Ohio," published in 1875.

Mr. J. H. Newton wrote and compiled an extensive volume entitled, "History of the Pan Handle; being historical collections of the counties of Ohio, Brooke, Marshall and Hancock, West Virginia." He is also understood to be the author of histories of a number of counties in Ohio, including those of Belmont and Jefferson. From the title page of his history of the Pan Handle counties of West Virginia, it appears that he had associated with him Messrs. G. G. Nichols and A. G. Sprankle. The work is very large, consisting of nearly five hundred large pages, is well got up, and involved a large amount of labor.

PAMPHLETEERS. - Near the close of Rev. Thomas D. Baird's ministry in the First Presbyterian church, of Newark, which terminated in 1820, he wrote a pamphlet of a somewhat controversial nature on the subject of church music, maintaining the right and the propriety of the members of the congregation, but who were not in communion with the church, but were of good moral character. to not only participate therein, but to lead in it if they had inclination and capacities fitting them for the positions.

Hon. Jacob Winter wrote a pamphlet of seven pages, double columns, entitled "A History of the Disciple Churches in Licking County, Ohio." It appeared as No. .1, in the series of .pioneer pamphlets issued by the Licking County Pioneer Historical and Antiquarian society, and was published in 1870.

Rev. H. M. Hervey wrote a pamphlet of twenty page, double columns, in 1869, bearing the following title: "Historical Sketches of the Presbyterian Churches (O. S.,) in Licking County, Ohio, being the substance of papers read before the Licking County Pioneer Association." It formed No. 1, in the series of pioneer pamphlets.

Hon. Samuel Park prepared two pamphlets, being numbered respectively five and six, in the pioneer series. The title of No. 5 was, "Notes of the Early History of Union Township, Licking County, Ohio," read before a joint meeting of the pioneer associations of the counties of Franklin, Muskingum and Licking, at their celebration of the National anniversary, at Pataskala, Ohio, July 4, 1870. The title of No. 6 is, "American Antiquities, Read Before a Joint Meeting of the Pioneer Associations of the Counties of Franklin, Muskingum and Licking, at their Celebration of the National Anniversary at Pataskala, Ohio, July 4, 1870." No. 5 makes a pamphlet of thirty-four pages, and No. 6, of twenty-two pages. Mr. Park is a native of Union township, and spent forty years of his life within its limits, but at the ' time of writing the foregoing pamphlets, was a resident of Marshall, Illinois. The pamphlets were printed in Terre Haute, Indiana.

Captain Joseph M. Scott wrote a pamphlet of eleven double column pages, with the title "Our Early Times-Historical sketch of St. Albans:

HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY. - 289

'township." It was published in Newark (Clark & King, printers), in 1873, and is No. 8 of the pioneer series. It was first read at a pioneer meeting held in Alexandria, and its publication requested.

Rev. William Bower is the author of a pamphlet with the following title: "Sermon preached in the First Presbyterian church, Newark, Ohio, Sunday, September 19, 1875, in memory of the Rev. Henry Martyn Hervey, late pastor of said church, by Rev. William Bower." It is a pamphlet of twenty-five pages, and was printed in Granville. The author, for years rector of Trinity (Episcopal) church . Newark, and the subject of the memorial sketch, had been college mates and intimate friends, not only during their college days at Kenyon, but also in Newark.

"Forty years' history of the Second Presbyterian church, Newark. Ohio, by the pastor, Rev. Howard Kingsbury, July 16, 1876, " is the title of a pamphlet of forty-four pages. It was a historical sermon, delivered during the centennial year, as the date implies, and was published by the congregation of the Second Presbyterian church of Newark.

Mr. Isaac Smucker is the author of a number of historical pamphlets, principally of the pioneer series-though some are not. One of his earliest in point of time, was published anonymously in Columbus, Ohio, its title being " An appeal to Liquor Makers-Liquor Venders-and Liquor Drinkers." It was a pamphlet of sixteen pages.

Another of his pamphlets was entitled "History of the Welsh Settlements in Licking County, Ohio the Characteristics of our Welsh Pioneers-their Church History, with Biographical Sketches of our Leading Welshmen; Read at the Licking County Pioneer Meeting, April 7, 1869." It was a twenty-two page, double column pamphlet, and is No. 2 of the pioneer series.

Still another of Mr. Smucker's pamphlets gives °` An account of the celebration of American Independence, at Clay Lick, by the Licking County Pioneers, together with an address by Dr. Coulter, on early times in the Clay Lick Settlements; Als Historical Sketches of the

Townships of Licking, Bowling Green, Franklin, and Hopewell." This a pamphlet of thirty-six double column pages, bearing the imprint of Clark & King, Newark, Ohio and is No. 3 in the pioneer series.

Mr. Smucker is also the author of pioneer pamphlet No. 7, entitled, "Our Pioneers; Being Biographical Sketches of Captain Elias• Hughes, John Ratliff, Benjamin Green, Richard Pitzer, John. Van Buskirk, Isaac and John Stadden, and Captain Samuel Elliott, with Brief Notices of the Pioneers of 1801 and 1802; Also a Paper on the Pioneer Women of the West, by Rev. Mrs. C. Springer; Concluding with a Poem, entitled, The Pioneers of Licking, by A. B. Clark, Esc." This is a pamphlet of thirty-three pages, double columns, printed in 1872 by Clark and King, Newark, Ohio.

This prolific pamphleteer is likewise the author of "Licking County's Gallant Soldiers, who died in Defence of our Glorious Union and of Human Freedom." It is a pamphlet, of twenty-eight pages, and was prepared for and published by the licking County Soldiers' Monumental association; Clark & Underwood, printers.

Isaac Smucker was also the author of the "Centennial History of Licking County, Ohio," which is a pamphlet of eighty pages.

Small editions of four pamphlets by the. same author were circulated, the matter appearing originally in the report of the Ohio secretary of state for the years 1876-'77 '78 and '79. Their titles were as follows: "A Brief History of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio ;" "Ohio's Prehistoric Races and Pre-territorial History;" "History of our Moravian Missions, and Memorial Sketches of our Missionaries;" "Ohio Pioneer History-Cresap and Logan, Crawford's Campaign, and a Brief Biographical Sketch of Captain Cresap, Logan and Colonel Crawford." The first named was a pamphlet of twenty-five pages, the second of thirty-four pages, the next of thirty-two pages, and the fourth of twenty-four pages.

It may be observed also that Mr. Smucker was the writer of the historical matter, to the extent of twenty pages, contained in the neat and well-gotten up pamphlet entitled, "Premium List and Regulations for the Thirty-third Annual Fair of the Licking County Agricultural Society, held on the Fair Grounds in 1880," and which is transferred to this volume.

Professor John Pratt, of the Granville college, now called Dennison university, is the author of a

290 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY.

pamphlet entitled, "An Address delivered before the Licking County Agricultural Society, during the Fair held in October, 1850."

Colonel B. B. Taylor published a pamphlet of a political nature, being an "Address read to the Keystone Association, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."

Rev. D. R. Colmery is the author of a pamphlet entitled "Historical Discourse, July 30, 1876, in the Presbyterian Church, Jersey, Ohio, on its Fifty-sixth Anniversary."

Dr. Z. C. McElroy is an extensive pamphleteer, the subjects very generally bearing on and relating to medical science. He wrote a pamphlet bearing the title "Organic Life:" another on "Fever Processes:" still another bears the title of "Hydroadipsia:" and yet others with. following titles: "Common Drunkenness;" "Speculative Belief in Medicine :" and numerous others, with titles not now recollected.

Rev. Dwight B. Hervey is author of "A Discourse Commemorative of the Life and Character of the Rev. Henry Hervey, D. D., delivered in the Presbyterian Church, Martinsburgh, Ohio, Sabbath, March 31, 1872." He is also chief contributor to a pamphlet entitled "Proceedings of the Fortieth Anniversary of the Presbyterian Church, of 'Mount Gilead, Ohio," published in 1871.

Rev. Jacob Little, D. D., wrote and published, by order of his congregation, a considerable number of pamphlets, being his annual historical sermons, delivered to the members of his church and congregation (Congregational, now Presbyterian), in Granville, Ohio.

MAGAZINE WRITERS.-Hon. Israel Dille was an extensive magazine writer, principally on science, agriculture and literature.

Colonel B. B. Taylor was a large contributor to the magazines, mainly on political economy and the science of government.

Dr. Z. C. McElroy is the author of very many articles that appeared in the medical periodicals of Europe and America. Medical science and kindred topics were the themes upon which he wrote.

Dr. J. R. Black prepared many excellent papers for the medical periodicals and scientific magazines of this country, both in the east and west.

Dr. Charles P. King has written quite a number of papers on medical topics for the magazines and journals published in the interest of his profession.

Dr. A. T. Speer has also written several papers for medical journals.

Hon. S. G. Arnold is a magazine writer oil miscellaneous subjects. principally politics, history and morals. and is also a pamphleteer as well as a magaziner.

Rev. A. W. Stevens' writings have appeared in pamphlet form as well as in magazines of a religious character.

Professor, John Pratt has been a contributor to the magazines and reviews.

Hon. Isaac Smucker is the author of many paper that have appeared in the literary. historical and scientific magazines of the east and west.

There are doubtless some omissions under each of the different heads in this chapter, but it was impossible to procure the information necessary to perfect the list of authors, compilers, pamphleteer. and magazine writers.

HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY - 291

CHAPTER XXXVII.

WAR OF 1812 AND MEXICAN WAR.

BY MAJOR CHARLES D. MILLER

LICKING COUNTY AS AN ANCIENT BATTLE GROUND-MILITARY WORKS OF THE MOUND-BUILDERS- SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION WHO SETTLED IN THE. COUNTY-TROUBLES WITH THE INDIANS-THE WAR OF 1812 AND ITS SURVIVING VETERANS-THE MEXICAN WAR AND .A LIST OF THE SURVIVORS.

IF a battle has ever been fought within the limits of Licking county, the fact is unknown to modern chroniclers: hence its military history will not embrace a picture of armed hosts in deadly conflict upon its soil, but must tell of her sons who went forth at the call of their country when imperiled, first, by an Indian foe; second, by the arrogance of Britain; third, by the aggressions of the Spanish race in the land of the Aztecs; and, lastly, by the power of a slave oligarchy, in an attempt to sever the union of the States.

Notwithstanding the absence of written records to sustain the belief of battles and sieges in Licking county, the silent monuments that are everywhere spread before our wondering eyes throughout the county-like the everlasting rocks that point the geologist to the past history of the globe-here present analogous marks, and a base for reasoning into the objects and designs of a great labyrinth of earthworks left by pre-historic man.

That a people more advanced in civilization, and more numerous than the Indian aborigines found here by our pioneers, once inhabited Licking county, hardly admits of a doubt. Whence they came and whither they. went remains a mystery, but their monuments are left to tell us, not only of religious ceremonies and athletic sports, but of the art of war and the strategy of defense. The well preserved mounds in the Cherry valley mark plainly the fact of religious and defensive works combined-one to defend the other, and the numerous mounds found upon high hills warrant the assumption of a line of signal stations to warn the inhabitants of the valleys of an approaching foe.

Can it be that these people, becoming very numerous, living in affluence upon the golden riches of the soil, vain in their superiority of knowledge, bigoted in their religious superstitions, effeminate and weakened in long security, have met the same fate as declining Rome, when barbarians of athletic proportions and warlike prowess swept down from the north, laying vandal hands upon accumulations of art gathered in past centuries? The people were almost annihilated, perhaps a remnant driven off far to the south. their works, all that could be destroyed, were destroyed, and the country allowed to grow up again in its primitive wildness, furnishing hunting grounds for the American Indian, who delights in savage life and the excitement of the chase.

They in turn are now driven out, and the powerful Anglo-Saxon lays claim to the domain, giving to us Licking county of 1880, with her well-tilled farms, her cities and towns, her railroads and telegraphs, her schools and churches.

We can imagine, notwithstanding the absence of written records, that Licking county in the past has been truly a great battle-ground, wherein a numerous people struggled for the defense of their firesides, and at last yielded to a race superior in warlike prowess.

But it is with the written record we have to deal in these pages, which will cover the Indian wars, the War of 1812, the Mexican war, and the war of the great Rebellion, wherein Licking county contributed her full share in the glory and success which followed the American arms.

The Revolution had ended before . the first per-

292 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY.

manent settlement was made in Ohio, hence there were no contributions from this territory to the ranks of the patriots of those days. Many Revolutionary soldiers, however, emigrated to Licking county, and went earnestly at work to conquer the wilderness as they. had conquered a political independence for the enjoyment of future generations.

Can one imagine a grander work for the good of mankind than was accomplished by the sacrifices of these men? After a struggle of seven years with a powerful nation, impoverished and poor, excepting in the glad consciousness of haring given to America independence and liberty, they turned their faces westward to build up an empire that is now a marvel in the eyes of the whole world. wilderness of savage Indians and wild animals were conquered to make way for grain fields, gardens, cities and towns all now connected in a labyrinth of steel rails for transportation and electric wires for the communication of intelligence.

Would that these pages could present in letters of gold the names of the Revolutionary patriots who contributed so much to make Licking county what it is, but it has been impossible to procure a full list! Among the number may be mentioned:

Thomas Seymour, who was born in Virginia in 1756. He came to Licking county in 1803, and settled in Madison township. He died in 1831, aged seventy-five years.

John Larabee settled in Madison township about the year 1801, and died February 6, 1846, aged eighty-six years.

John Edwards came from Brooke county, Virginia, and settled in the South Fork valley in September, 1801. He was engaged as a spy for some years, on the frontiers of Virginia.

Jonathan Benjamin settled on Ramp creek in the spring of 1802. He had passed through the old French and Indian wars, and also through the Revolution. He died in 1841 at the advanced age of one hundred and three years.

Evan Humphry settled in Newton township about the year 1805. He served in the Revolutionary war, and was one of the "forlorn hope" at the storming of Stony Point in 1779, by General Wayne.

Zachariah Albaugh was a Revolutionary soldier, and settled in Newton township. He died November 9, 1859, over a hundred years of age.

Benjamin Green came from Maryland, and settled in Madison township in 1800. He died in 1835, aged seventy-six years.

Captain Archibald Wilson received a commission as a lieutenant of militia of the county of Dunmore, Virginia, issued by the committee of safety for the colony of Virginia, dated at Williamsburgh, January 20, 1776. He had previously in 1774 - served in Lord Dunmore's expedition. In 1777 he was appointed captain, and served in this rank until the close of the war. His principal service was in keeping the Tories in check in Virginia.

Benjamin Wilson served as a lieutenant on Lord Dunmore's staff in 1774, in his expedition into the Northwest Territory, and as captain, early in the Revolution, mostly on the frontier against the Indians. He received a commission as colonel in 1781.

Judge James Taylor, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1753, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. He was in the Williamson expedition against the Moravian Indians, and was one of seventeen who voted against the murder of the captives. Judge Taylor died in 1844, aged ninety-one years

Judge Timothy Rose served as an officer in the Revolution, and distinguished himself in the storming of a British redoubt at the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown.

Captain Samuel Elliott, who settled in Licking county as early as 1800, was a Revolutionary sol. dier. He died in 1831 at the age of eighty years.

Of the Indian war but little can be said, as the first settlement in Licking county was made after the Greenville treaty, and our pioneers were not molested by the savages of the forest within the limits of the county. During the war of 1812, however, when the British and the Indians combined for the subjugation of the Northwest Territory, many of Licking county's hardy pioneers marched away to the north and took part in the operations of the army about Detroit early in the war.

The Indians had nearly all disappeared at the time of the settlement of the county. Occasionally a stray red man made his appearance, as a "tramp" would now-a-days, asking for food and

HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY. - 293

shelter and looking sadly at the encroachments of the whites upon his wild hunting grounds-perhaps lingering near some hallowed spot where his fathers had been laid away, consecrated in his voyage to the happy hunting grounds.

Previous to the year 1800 there were several Indian villages within the present limits of Licking county. One near Johnstown, called Raccoontown. One on the Bowling Green, five miles east of Newark, and a temporary village on the Shawnee run.

The Shawnee, Delaware and Wyandot tribes occupied the territory now embracing Licking county, and relinquished their claims by the treaty of Fort McIntosh, in the year 1785.

One night in April, 1800, two Indians stole the horses of Hughes and Ratliff from a little enclosure near their cabins. Missing them in the morning, they started off, well armed, in pursuit, accompanied by a man named Bland They followed the trail in a northern direction all day, and at night camped in the woods. At the grey of morning, they came upon the Indians, who were asleep and unconscious of danger. Concealing themselves behind the trees, they waited until the Indians awakened, and were commencing preparations for their journey. They drew their rifles to shoot, and just at that moment one of the Indians discovered them, and instinctively clapping his hand on his breast, as if to ward off the fated blow, exclaimed in tones of affright: "Me bad Indian, me no do so more!" The appeal was in vain; the smoke curled from the glistening barrels, the report rang in the morning air, and the poor Indians fell dead. They returned to their cabins with the horses and "plunder" taken from the Indians, and swore mutual secrecy for this violation of law.

Hughes had been bred in the hot-bed of Indian warfare; the Indians having murdered a young woman to whom he was attached, and subsequently his father. The return of peace did not mitigate his hatred of the race.

One evening, some time after, Hughes was quietly sitting in his cabin, when he was startled by the entrance of two powerful and well-armed savages. His wife stepped aside and privately sent for Ratliff, whose cabin was near. Presently Ratliff, who had made a detour, entered with his rifle in an opposite direction, as if he had been hunting. He found Hughes talking with the Indians about the murder. Hughes had his tomahawk and knife in his belt, but he dare not reach for his rifle that hung from the cabin wall. There all the long night sat the parties mutually fearing each other, but neither summoning courage to stir. When morning dawned the Indians left, shaking hands and bidding farewell, but in their retreat were cautious not to be shot in ambush by the hardy borderers.

Hughes died near Utica, in March, 1845, at an advanced age, and was buried with military honors.

His early life had-been one of much adventure; he was, it is supposed, the last survivor of the bloody battle of Point Pleasant.

Henry Smith, the father of Esquire David Smith, of Madison township, was formerly a resident of Virginia. He lived for several years at Kanawha, and participated in several frontier adventures. He was with Major McCollough at the siege of Fort Wheeling, and there fought against the Indians. He emigrated to Licking county in 1804, and died in 1845.

John Van Buskirk, who settled in Licking county in 1800, served many years as a spy between the Ohio and Tuscarawas rivers for the protection of the frontier settlements.

THE WAR of 1812.-Licking county was rapidly filling up with settlers from the eastern States when war was declared against Great Britain in 1812, and the young men were called upon to ' drop their axes and go forth to protect the frontiers against the wily savage and his British master.

As sparsely settled as was Licking county that day, she contributed at least four companies under the leadership of Captains Rose, Davidson, Sutton and Spencer, marching away to the northwest. There was also a company of cavalry recruited by Captain Bradley Buckingham, but he did not go out with it. First Lieutenant Jehu Sutton commanded the company during its active service. ' The hostile position of the Indians and the growing difficulties with Great Britain, led Governor

Meigs, of Ohio, to enroll three regiments of volunteers to rendezvous at Dayton, in the spring of 1812. Lewis Cass was chosen colonel of the third s regiment, and he was joined by the Licking

294 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY.

county volunteers at Findlay. The route was through the almost trackless wilderness and swamps of the northwest. The troops reached Detroit in July; war with Great Britain having meanwhile been declared.

On July 11th they crossed into Canada, Colonel Cass claiming the honor of being the first man, who, in the war of 1812, stepped in arms upon British soil. He also commanded, in a skirmish on the seventeenth, in which the first blood was shed; the British being driven from a bridge across Aux Canarde river.

The Licking volunteers were included in the surrender of General Hull; and Colonel Cass was so stung with mortification, it is said, that he would not deliver his sword, but broke the blade and threw it away. The Ohio troops were dismissed on their parole not to serve again until they were exchanged. Colonel Cass was exchanged in January, 1813, and about the same time was commissioned as a colonel in the regular army. Hull's surrender occurred on the sixteenth day of August, 1812, and, as stated before, the Ohio troops having been paroled, they returned to their homes as best they could.

Of those who were conspicuous from Licking county, in this war, may be mentioned: Major Jeremiah R. Munson, who was elected major of Colonel Lewis Cass' Third Ohio regiment. He was a man of fine soldierly bearing and attainments. He was surrendered with the army under Hull, at Detroit, but afterwards entered the service. While near Detroit he was accidentally shot by David Messenger, and so severely wounded that he barely survived the journey home.

There existed among the officers of the Third regiment an ill-feeling towards Colonel Cass, by reason of an imaginary or real belief in his partiality, or his disposition to court favors from the government authorities, to the detriment of the officers of the regiment. Major Munson shared this dislike with his brother officers, and there existed a coolness between the major and the colonel during their term of service, but it can be said to the credit of Colonel Cass, and as evidence of the appreciated worth of Major Munson, that when Cass was solicited by Governor Meigs to recommend some worthy officers for promotion, he wrote a letter to the governor speaking of his personal dislike to Munson, but said for the good of the service, he recommended his promotion,

It is related that one of the Munsons, at the surrender, was asked by the British general the use made of the large drum carried by the Yankee boys, when Munson replied-"that is a bass drum, you d-d old fool."

Captain Simeon Wright settled in St. Albans township in 1816. He was the son of Simeon Wright, sr., who fought under Stark at Bennington, and Ethan Allen at Ticonderoga. Captain Wright belonged to the Thirtieth United States infantry, and took part in several engagements in the war of 1812. For a time he was in General Wade Hampton's command, and accompanied the expedition to Montreal. He was the ranking officer in Fort Brown during the siege of Plattsburgh, where, after two days fighting, General Macomb repulsed the British under Provost. He had command at the mouth of Otter creek, repulsing the British fleet in its attempt to burn our shipping at that point. In the spring of 1813, with eight men, he captured two hundred stand of arms that had been distributed among the Canadian militia near Montreal. Captain Wright, in person, took as prisoner of war, Captain McGilvery of the British army, while scouting on the Canada line, in 1814. He was under General Wilkinson at the battle of Lacole Mill, where, with sixty men, he defended an important field-piece with a loss of twenty killed and wounded. For this heroic and skillful service he was brevetted a major. Major Wright met with an accidental death in this county in 1833

Archibald Wilson, jr., was an officer in the. war of 1812, and served on General Gaine's staff. He was a brother of Enoch Wilson of Newark.

Captain John Spencer raised a company in Licking county for the war of 1812. He was surrendered by Hull at Detroit, and thus became a paroled prisoner of war. This would have been a sufficient excuse for Captain Spencer to have remained at home, but when the northwest frontier was menaced in 1813, his patriotism led him to recruit another company, which he led north to join the forces of General Harrison. He developed a high order of patriotism; bravery, and soldier-like qualities during the war, and in civil

HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY. - 295

life commanded the highest esteem and confidence of his fellow citizens, in evidence of which, he was placed in some military or civil position during most of the period of his life in Licking county.

Of the survivors of that tear who now reside in Licking county the writer has been unable to procure a full list. Among the number, however, may be mentioned

Peter L. Dean, who resides in Newark, and is the father of Major A. J. Dean. He enlisted in Captain Joel Harrison's rifle company of New Jersey militia, September 1, 1814; and was discharged November 9th of the same year.

John Wolever, of Granville township, enlisted September 5, 1814, in Captain F. Donleavy's company of Colonel Freelingheysen's New Jersey militia, and was discharged in December the same year.

George W. Loar now lives in the southeastern part of the county, and is eighty-seven years of age. He went out from Muskingum county in the war of 1812, and enlisted April 15, 1813, in Captain Joseph Karns' company A, Colonel James Paul's Twenty-seventh regiment. The regiment marched to Seneca and there built a fort; thence they marched to Lower Sandusky. He was eight days with Perry on the lakes, and was in the battle of the Thames. After wintering at Detroit he was discharged April 15, 1814.

Jacob Bush, who resides in Newark, at the advanced age of ninety-four years, enlisted at Lancaster, Ohio, in Lieutenant Collins' detachment, and was assigned to Captain C. A. Trimble's company, of the Nineteenth United States infantry. He. marched' via Franklinton, Newark and Upper Sandusky to Lower Sandusky, and afterwards to Buffalo, where he joined General Scott's army. He was engaged in the battles of Lundy's Lane and Chippewa Lake, and was wounded in the former battle. He took part in the siege of Erie for thirty-seven days, and was discharged at that place February 18, 1815. Mr. Bush came to Newark about the year 1825, and drove coach for Willard Warner for many years.

David Messenger, who now resides at Utica; at an advanced age, volunteered in 1812 with Captain John Spencer, and went out from Licking county to join Colonel Cass' regiment. They marched to the Maumee rapids, and thence to Detroit, where he was included in Hull's surrender. He was in no general engagement, but in several skirmishes with the enemy.

John Wagy, who now resides near Kirkersville, at the advanced age of ninety-one years, went out in the war of 1812 in Captain Peter Lamb's company, and served under General Harrison. He acted as teamster upon one occasion and hauled cannon balls two days. The Wyandot Indians were friendly toward the United States at that time, and acted in conjunction with the Government forces. They were called the "pet" Indians by the soldiers. Mr. Wagy has a vivid recollection of the early days in Licking county. He settled on Licking creek, in Harrison township, in 1815, and visited Newark when it contained but five or six houses, one of which, used as a hotel, stood near the present court house square, and had flung to the breeze on the corner of the building an old muslin sign, inscribed thereon the brief but pointed word, "Inn." He first saw the "old fort" in 1815, and says that it has changed but little in its appearance since that year. The old settlers in those days rode on horseback to Zanesville to mill; but they deny emphatically the charge of carrying a large stone in one end of the bag to balance the grist. Mr. Wagy reared a family of fifteen children, eight boys and seven girls, and is now living in that ripe old age, fruitful in its past with events covering sixty-five, years of the county's history.

Abram P. Westbrook, the oldest veteran of the War of 1812, died in Newark, October to, 1880. One of the city papers gives this obituary notice:

The decease of probably the most aged man in Licking county occurred at his residence on Granville street, in Newark, on Sunday, tenth inst.; after a protracted illness of several months. Mr. Abram P. Westbrook, the subject of this brief sketch, was a native of Luzerne county, Pennsylvania, and was born September 2, 1778, making him, at the time of his death, one hundred and two years one month and eight days old. He .was a soldier in the war of 1812, being at the time a resident of Virginia. Mr. Westbrook lived many years in Zanesville, and lived forty-one years in Newark. He came here in 1839, and has lived a quiet, upright life, sustaining a 'good reputation for industry and integrity. Mr. Westbrook was a member of the Methodist church most of his life. He was unobtrusive, unpretentious in his intercourse with his fellow mm, and had acquired a good degree of intelligence and information. His wife died many years ago, .but a number of his children survive him. The

296 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY.

funeral services were conducted by Rev. E. I. Jones, of the Congregational church, on Tuesday, twelfth instant, and many friends followed the remains to Cedar Hill cemetery.

Stephen C. Smith, a native of New Jersey, served as adjutant in Colonel Cass' regiment in the war of 1812. He represented Licking county in the State legislature in 1826-27.

Samuel Bancroft, who was born in Massachusetts, in 1778, and died in 1870, was also a soldier in the war of 1812.

Of those whose ashes repose in our cemeteries may be mentioned James Smith, Jacob Little, Alexander Cochran, Moses Moore, Fred Salliday, David Moore, William Home, James Taylor, John Henry, Amos Halliday, Jacob Overturf, S. G. Hamilton, sr., William Francis, James McCadden, Meredith Darlington, Isaac Conrad, and Jesse Smith.

The descendants of these patriots now residing in Licking county point with pride to the achievements of their fathers, who took such a creditable part in the establishment of the "second independence of America," and, in the language of "Lossing:"

"The events of that war did secure the far more important advantage of the positive and permanent independence of the United States, for which our people. with arms and diplomacy, had contended for many years in vain. It secured to posterity a guarantee for the perpetuation and growth of free institutions: and Great Britain was taught the useful lesson, more puissant in its effects upon the topic of search and impressment than any treaty obligation, that the young Republic of the West, the offspring of her oppressions. growing more lusty every hour. would not tolerate an insult, nor stiffer its sovereignty to be questioned without resenting the offence Great Britain was compelled to sign a bond, as it were, to keep the peace, in the form of an acknowledgment that she had, in this Republic. a formidable rival for the supremacy of the seas, which she was bound to respect.'.

LICKING COUNTY IN THE WAR WITH MEXICO. - infantry companies and one of cavalry were almost wholly recruited in this county for that war. The first was enlisted in May, 1846, by Captain Richard Stadden with Mervin E. Culley, as first lieutenant, and Andrew J. Spencer, and James H. Smith, as second lieutenants. This company was ordered to Camp Washington, the State rendezvous near Cincinnati, and in the organization of the three regiments of Ohio's quota, was made company H, of the Second Ohio regiment of volunteers, under Colonel George W. Morgan, and took part in the campaign on the Rio Grande route, under Generals Taylor and Wool.

The company was stationed at Camargo for some five months, then ordered to garrison Marin, where, in connection with Captain Mickum's company, of Columbus, and Captain Julian's, of Lancaster stood the siege of General Urea, February 23d to the 25th, 1847, with eighteen hundred lancers, also with the regiment in the fight at San Francisco, February 26, 1847, then took up the line of forced march and reported to General Taylor, at Ague Nueva, beyond the defile of Augostena, then back to Beuna Vista, and joined the command of General Wool and encamped on the battleground of Beuna Vista until the seventeenth of May, 1847, when the regiment was ordered to report at New Orleans for muster out-which dated June 23, 1847

In the campaign, two died of disease, Robert Wilkins and Harvey Courson-two wounded at San Francisco-John Colvin and Jackson King, and one taken prisoner-Patrick McLaughlin.

The second company was enlisted by Captain John R. Duncan, as cavalry, in May, 1847, with David A. B. Moore, as first lieutenant, William P. Morrison as second lieutenant and Benjamin Wilson as third lieutenant. They were known as "Duncan's Mounted Rangers," one of several independent companies organized at that time in the State. They numbered one hundred men besides the officers, and nearly every member furnished his own horse. The company left Newark with considerable enthusiasm, on the twenty-seventh of May, 1847, riding all the way to Cincinnati. Here they went aboard the steamer "Star Spangled Banner," and in the latter part of June arrived in New Orleans. They spent about a week in this city, and celebrated the Fourth of July, and then boarded the steamer "Mary Kingsland" and proceeded by the gulf of Mexico to the mouth of the Rio Grande, thence to Carmargo, and were stationed the whole of their term of service at Seralvo, on the Rio Grande route, doing escort and guard duty, and, on several occasions, while bearing the mail and dispatches, under escort, in detachments, had sharp passes with roving bands of guerillas. This company was

HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY. - 297

mustered out of service at Cincinnati, August 2, 1848. The company lost by disease three men, Jacob Grear-buried at New Orleans, Louisiana, John Smith, buried at Seralvo, and Harvey Stewart, buried at Monterey.

Isaac Vanatta, now well known in Newark, was accidentally wounded at Walnut Springs, near Monterey, in December, 1847. While Vanatta and "Gus" Stewart were watering their horses in the spring Stewart's carbine eras accidentally discharged, and the ball and buck-shot entered Vanatta's shoulder, causing a very dangerous wound, which confined him in the hospital for six weeks and reduced his weight from two hundred to one. hundred and twenty-five pounds. He now draws a pension from the general government on account of his disability.

The third company was recruited in August, 1847, by Captain Richard Stadden, with Andrew J. Spencer as first lieutenant, Hugh W. Morehead as second lieutenant, and Andrew J. Bartley as third lieutenant. It was mustered in at Camp Wool, near Cincinnati, and made company B, of the Fifth Ohio volunteer infantry, and operated on the Vera Cruz route.

The company was stationed at Puebla the most of its term of service, and was mustered out at Cincinnati in October, 1848.

Private Palmer, of Jacksontown, died on the Gulf, and John Stasel and Jacob Veach were delegated by the officers to encase him in a United States blanket, and with proper ceremony he was deposited in the Gulf of Mexico.

Those known to be living at this date, October 7, 1880, of the first company are as follows:

COMMISSIONED OFFICER.

Lieutenant James H. Smith, Newark, Ohio.

NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.

Sergeant Edwin William, Homer, Ohio.

Sergeant Richard Parr, Danville, Iowa.

Corporal Jacob H. Scott, Newark, Ohio.

PRIVATES.

George Downs, Newark, Ohio.

Manly McMullin, Utica, Ohio.

Henderson Bronson, Iowa City, Iowa.

Jackson Peters, Bishop P. O.. Kansas.

William Hall, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Samuel Denman, Circleville, Ohio.

James Wilson, Findlay, Ohio.

The survivors of the second company

NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER.

Sergeant Byron H. Stanberry, Newark, Ohio.

PRIVATES.

Samuel G. Hamilton, Newark, Ohio.

Augustus M. Stewart, Newark, Ohio.

Isaac Vanatta, Newark, Ohio.

John O. Jones, Kirkersville, Ohio.

Silas Austin, Kirkersville, Ohio.

Ira E. Kelsey, Hebron. Ohio.

Allen Burket, Millersport, Ohio.

Alex C. Elliott, W Westerville, Ohio.

Edwin S. Ferguson, Uhrichsville, Ohio.

Charles Smith, Campaign City, Illinois.

Edwin Gohoegan. Sandusky, Ohio.

Battaile M. Meithron, Thornville, Ohio.

Hugh Ronan, Newark, Ohio.

Philip M. Slife, Sunbury, Ohio.

James Fairley, Jacktown. Ohio.

-------Green, Johnstown, Ohio.

Thomas Turner, Mt. Gilead, Ohio.

The survivors of the third company:

PRIVATES.

John Stasel, Newark, Ohio.

Henry Flemming, Newark, Ohio.

James B. Mathews, Oak Harbor, Ohio.

John Myers Wheeling, West Virginia.

Of those who have died since that war may be mentioned

Lieutenant Mervin E. Culley.

Burr N. McMullen.

Major David A. B. Moore.

Lieutenant William R. Morrison.

John L. Smith.

John A. Vance.

Thomas Wiley.

The survivors point with satisfaction to the splendid acquisition of territory which was among the results of the termination of that war. The immense mineral resources of the Rocky mountains and Pacific States, which since then have been discovered and developed, have added untold wealth to the Republic; and although during that war fears were entertained that the acquisition of territory would largely increase the slave power in the country, we now behold the whole vast expanse consigned forever to the labor of the freeman..

298 - HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY.

CHAPTER XXXVIII.

THE WAR OF THE REBELLION.

THE CAUSES OF THE WAR-THE PATRIOTISM AND ZEAL OF LICKING COUNTY-THE "WIDE AWAKES"- COMPANY "H," THIRD OHIO INFANTRY--COMPANY "E." TWELFTH OHIO INFANTRY-COMPANY "D," TWENTY-SECOND OHIO INFANTRY- COMPANY "C," TWENTY-SEVENTH OHIO INFANTRY-COMPANY "H," THIRTY-FIRST OHIO INFANTRY-COMPANY "G," FORTY-SIXTH OHIO INFANTRY.

THE